Precursor-Directed Combinatorial Biosynthesis of Cinnamoyl, Dihydrocinnamoyl, and Benzoyl Anthranilates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
作者:Aymerick Eudes、Veronica Teixeira Benites、George Wang、Edward E. K. Baidoo、Taek Soon Lee、Jay D. Keasling、Dominique Loqué
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0138972
日期:——
Biological synthesis of pharmaceuticals and biochemicals offers an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional chemical synthesis. These alternative methods require the design of metabolic pathways and the identification of enzymes exhibiting adequate activities. Cinnamoyl, dihydrocinnamoyl, and benzoyl anthranilates are natural metabolites which possess beneficial activities for human health, and the search is expanding for novel derivatives that might have enhanced biological activity. For example, biosynthesis in Dianthus caryophyllus is catalyzed by hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyl-CoA:anthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl/ benzoyltransferase (HCBT), which couples hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs and benzoyl-CoAs to anthranilate. We recently demonstrated the potential of using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) for the biological production of a few cinnamoyl anthranilates by heterologous co-expression of 4-coumaroyl:CoA ligase from Arabidopsis thaliana (4CL5) and HCBT. Here we report that, by exploiting the substrate flexibility of both 4CL5 and HCBT, we achieved rapid biosynthesis of more than 160 cinnamoyl, dihydrocinnamoyl, and benzoyl anthranilates in yeast upon feeding with both natural and non-natural cinnamates, dihydrocinnamates, benzoates, and anthranilates. Our results demonstrate the use of enzyme promiscuity in biological synthesis to achieve high chemical diversity within a defined class of molecules. This work also points to the potential for the combinatorial biosynthesis of diverse and valuable cinnamoylated, dihydrocinnamoylated, and benzoylated products by using the versatile biological enzyme 4CL5 along with characterized cinnamoyl-CoA- and benzoyl-CoA-utilizing transferases.
生物合成药物和生化产品提供了一种环保的替代传统化学合成的方法。这些替代方法需要设计代谢途径并鉴定具有适当活性的酶。肉桂酰、二氢肉桂酰和苯甲酰氨基酸酯是具有对人类健康有益活性的天然代谢物,目前对新衍生物的搜索正在扩大,以期发现具有增强生物活性的化合物。例如,在康乃馨(Dianthus caryophyllus)中的生物合成是由羟基肉桂酰/苯甲酰-CoA:氨基酸酯 N-羟基肉桂酰/苯甲酰转移酶(HCBT)催化的,该酶将羟基肉桂酰-CoA和苯甲酰-CoA与氨基酸酯结合在一起。我们最近展示了使用酵母(酿酒酵母,Saccharomyces cerevisiae)生物生产几种肉桂酰氨基酸酯的潜力,这得益于来自拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)的4-香豆酰:CoA连接酶(4CL5)与HCBT的异源共表达。在这里,我们报告通过利用4CL5和HCBT的底物灵活性,在酵母中快速合成了超过160种肉桂酰、二氢肉桂酰和苯甲酰氨基酸酯,所用的原料包括天然和非天然肉桂酸、二氢肉桂酸、苯酸和氨基酸酯。我们的结果证明了在生物合成中利用酶的多能性,以在特定分子类别内实现高化学多样性。这项工作还指出,通过使用多用途的生物酶4CL5,以及特征化的肉桂酰-CoA和苯甲酰-CoA利用转移酶,可以实现多样且有价值的肉桂化、二氢肉桂化和苯甲化产品的组合生物合成潜力。