双(环戊二烯)钴 | 1277-43-6

• 物质功能分类: 有机原料 - 有机金属类化合物 - 有机铋、钴、镨、钆、镓、铱、铼、钇、铽等
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 碳氢化合物 - 芳香烃
• 中文名称: 双(环戊二烯)钴
• 中文别名: 钴烯；环戊二烯基钴；双(环戊二烯基)钴
• 英文名称: cobaltocene
• 英文别名: dicyclo-pentadienyl-cobalt；CoCp2；Cp2Co；[Co(η5-C5H5)2]；bis(cyclopentadienyl)cobalt(II)；Bis(cyclopentadienyl)cobalt；cobalt(2+);cyclopenta-1,3-diene
• CAS: 1277-43-6
• 化学式: C₁₀H₁₀Co
• 分子量: 189.183
• InChiKey: ILZSSCVGGYJLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  176-180 °C (dec.)(lit.)
• 沸点：
  173℃ [CRC10]
• 物理描述：
  Cobaltocene appears as black-purple crystals or black solid. Sublimes at 104°F and 0.1 mm Hg. (NTP, 1992)
• 溶解度：
  less than 1 mg/mL at 70.7° F (NTP, 1992)
• 稳定性/保质期：
  如果按照规格使用和储存，则不会分解，未有已知危险反应。应避免与氧化物、水分、潮湿或酸接触。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.81
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

ADMET

代谢

钴通过肺部、胃肠系统和皮肤被吸收。由于它是维生素B12（氰钴胺）的一个组成部分，因此它被分布到身体的大部分组织中。它在血液中运输，通常与白蛋白结合，肝脏和肾脏中的含量最高。钴主要通过尿液和粪便排出。

Cobalt is absorbed though the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Since it is a component of the vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), it is distributed to most tissues of the body. It is transported in the blood, often bound to albumin, with the highest levels being found in the liver and kidney. Cobalt is excreted mainly in the urine and faeces. (L29)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

钴被认为通过氧化剂和自由基过程表现出其毒性。它产生氧自由基，并可能被氧化成离子态的钴，导致脂质过氧化增加、DNA损伤，并诱导某些酶，导致细胞凋亡。钴还被证明可以阻断无机钙通道，可能损害神经传递。钴还可以与硫辛酸螯合，损害丙酮酸或脂肪酸的氧化。此外，钴可能通过与锌指DNA修复蛋白相互作用来抑制DNA修复，并且已被证明可以抑制血红素合成和葡萄糖代谢。钴可能激活特定的辅助性T淋巴细胞，并直接与免疫蛋白（如抗体IgA和IgE或Fc受体）相互作用，导致免疫致敏。

Cobalt is believed to exhibit its toxicity through a oxidant-based and free radical-based processes. It produces oxygen radicals and may be oxidized to ionic cobalt, causing increased lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and inducing certain enzymes that lead to cell apoptosis. Cobalt has also been shown to block inorganic calcium channels, possibly impairing neurotransmission. Cobalt can also chelate lipoic acids, impairing oxidation of pyruvate or fatty acids. In addition, cobalt may inhibit DNA repair by interacting with zinc finger DNA repair proteins, and has also been shown to inhibit heme synthesis and glucose metabolism. Cobalt may activate specific helper T-lymphocyte cells and interact directly with immunologic proteins, such as antibodies (IgA and IgE) or Fc receptors, resulting in immunosensitization. (L29)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

2B，可能对人类有致癌性。

2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

长时间接触大量的钴会对心脏、肺、肾脏和肝脏造成损害。皮肤接触可能导致接触性皮炎。钴还可能具有致突变和致癌作用。

Exposure to high amount of cobalt can cause heart, lung, kidney, and liver damage. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis. Cobalt may also have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. (L29, L30)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

吸入 (L29) ; 口服 (L29) ; 经皮 (L29)

Inhalation (L29) ; oral (L29) ; dermal (L29)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

钴吸入可能导致类似哮喘的呼吸问题。皮肤接触会导致接触性皮炎，其特征是刺激和皮疹。摄入大量钴可能会导致恶心和呕吐。

Cobalt inhalation can cause asthma-like breathing problems. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis, which is characterized by irritation and rashes. Ingesting large amounts of cobalt may cause nausea and vomiting. (L2090)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险等级：
  4.1
• 危险品标志：
  F
• 安全说明：
  S16,S33,S7/9
• 危险类别码：
  R11
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 海关编码：
  29319090
• RTECS号：
  GG0350000
• 包装等级：
  II
• 危险类别：
  4.1
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 1325 4.1/PG 3
• 危险标志：
  GHS02,GHS08
• 危险性描述：
  H228,H317,H334,H341,H351
• 危险性防范说明：
  P210,P261,P280,P342 + P311
• 储存条件：
  密封，在0-6°C下保存。

SDS

Name:	Cobaltocene 98% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:	Di-pi-Cyclopentadienyl Cobalt; Bis(cyclopentadienyl)cobalt
CAS:	1277-43-6

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Cobaltocene 98% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:Di-pi-Cyclopentadienyl Cobalt; Bis(cyclopentadienyl)cobalt

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Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
1277-43-6	Cobaltocene	98.0	215-061-0

Hazard Symbols: XI
Risk Phrases: 10 36/37/38

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Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Flammable. Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.Air sensitive.Moisture sensitive.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Causes eye irritation. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage.
Skin:
Causes skin irritation. May cause dermatitis. May cause cyanosis of the extremities.
Ingestion:
May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Ingestion of large amounts may cause CNS depression.
Inhalation:
Causes respiratory tract irritation. Aspiration may lead to pulmonary edema. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Can produce delayed pulmonary edema. May cause burning sensation in the chest.
Chronic:
Effects may be delayed.

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Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically and supportively.

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Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Vapors can travel to a source of ignition and flash back. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Will burn if involved in a fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Flammable solid.
Extinguishing Media:
For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam. Water may be ineffective. Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire. Do NOT get water inside containers.
Do NOT use straight streams of water. Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.

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Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Sweep up or absorb material, then place into a suitable clean, dry, closed container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. Place under an inert atmosphere. Do not get water inside containers. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

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Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Use with adequate ventilation. Handle under an inert atmosphere. Store protected from air. Do not allow contact with water. Wash clothing before reuse. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. Keep from contact with moist air and steam.
Storage:
Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area. Keep refrigerated.
(Store below 4C/39F.) Do not expose to air. Store protected from moisture.

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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate general or local explosion-proof ventilation to keep airborne levels to acceptable levels.
Exposure Limits CAS# 1277-43-6: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: (listed as cobalt compounds): 0.1 mg/m TWA (as Co) United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: (listed as cobalt compounds): 0.3 mg/ STEL (as Co) Japan: (listed as cobalt compounds): 0.05 mg/m3 OEL (as Co) Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant respirator use.

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Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Crystals
Color: black-violet
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Freezing/Melting Point: 178 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Point: Not available.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water: <0.1 g/100 mL at 21.5 C
Specific Gravity/Density:
Molecular Formula: C10H10Co
Molecular Weight: 189.12

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Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible materials, ignition sources, dust generation, moisture, exposure to air, excess heat, strong oxidants.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, acids, moisture, air.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported

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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 1277-43-6: GG0350000 LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Carcinogenicity:
Cobaltocene - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Other No information available.

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Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

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Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
IMO
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
RID/ADR
Not regulated as a hazardous material.

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Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: XI
Risk Phrases:
R 10 Flammable.
R 36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system
and skin.
Safety Phrases:
S 9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No
smoking.
S 26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately
with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 33 Take precautionary measures against static
discharges.
S 37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face
protection.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 1277-43-6: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 1277-43-6 is listed on Canada's NDSL List.
CAS# 1277-43-6 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 1277-43-6 is listed on the TSCA inventory.

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

生产方法

在四氢呋喃中，由环戊二烯基钠与无水氯化钴(Ⅱ)反应而制得。

类别

有毒物品

毒性分级

高毒

急性毒性

腹腔-大鼠 LD50: 55 毫克/公斤；腹腔-小鼠 LD50: 80 毫克/公斤

可燃性危险特性

可燃；燃烧产生有毒钴化物烟雾

储运特性

库房通风低温干燥；与食品原料分开存放

灭火剂

干粉、泡沫、沙土、二氧化碳、雾状水

职业标准

TWA 0.05 毫克 (钴)/立方米；STEL 0.10 毫克 (钴)/立方米

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  双(环戊二烯)钴 在 CO 作用下， 以 not given 为溶剂， 生成 carbon monoxide,cobalt,cyclopenta-1,3-diene
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: Co: Org.Verb.1, 1.5.2.1.3, page 364 - 367

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  carbon monoxide,cobalt,cyclopenta-1,3-diene 以85%的产率得到双(环戊二烯)钴
  参考文献：
  名称：

  η的闪热解真空5 -环戊二烯基- dicarbonylcobalt。钴茂的形成

  摘要：

  环戊二烯二羰基钴[CpCo（CO）2 ]的快速真空热解（350°C，0.1托）在热解管末端提供了钴茂（产率为85％）。这种化合物是在双管反应的双分子反应中在失去了CO配体的物质之间形成的。

  DOI：

  10.1016/0022-328x(86)80427-2
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  水 、 在 双(环戊二烯)钴 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 以44 %的产率得到
  参考文献：
  名称：

  经历 C-S 键断裂的铬-硫醇络合物

  摘要：

  C-S 键的断裂是化石燃料精炼中去除有机硫杂质的关键一步。需要努力寻找替代方案来取代目前使用的能源密集型加氢脱硫工艺。在此背景下，我们开发了一系列由 L 2–配体( L 2– = 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-diyl(bis(1,1-二苯基乙硫醇盐），其中一种在环境温度和大气压的还原和酸性条件下显示配体的一种硫醇盐的脱硫，而之前通过 L 2–与 3d 金属 M III离子的反应仅分离出 5 配位络合物，两者都是 5。在 Cr III的情况下，已获得 - 和 6-配位单核配合物，即 [Cr III LCl]、[Cr III LCl 2 ] -和 [Cr III LCl(CH 3 CN)]。 [Cr III LCl(CH 3 CN)] 在还原条件下的反应性产生双核 [Cr III 2 L 2 (μ-Cl)(μ-OH)] 化合物，并且在质子存在下产生单核 Cr III配合物[Cr III

  DOI：

  10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00402

文献信息

• Characterization of titanocene(III) complexes of β-diketonates by electrochemical, spectroscopic and crystallographic methods: stabilization of oxidized and reduced β-diketonate radicals by acetyl and titanocene derivatization, respectively
  作者：Alan M. Bond、Ray Colton、Ulli Englert、Helmut Hügel、Frank Marken

  DOI：10.1016/0020-1693(95)90052-8

  日期：1995.7

  which is essentially independent of the β-diketonate ligand. The product of this process is the expected Ti(IV) moiety. The ligand coordinated to the titanocene is oxidized at a considerably more positive potential. In contrast, the acetyl derivative, 2-acetoxy-3-acetyl-1-benzyl-5-methoxyindole, undergoes a reversible one-electron oxidation to produce a moderately stable cation radical which is characterized

  作为二茂钛的制备和表征（III）-β二酮络合物的Ti（η 5 -C 5 H ^ 5）2（乙酰丙酮）钛（η 5 -C 5 H ^ 5）2（苯甲酰丙酮），钛（η 5 - ç 5 ħ 5）2（邻-羟基- acetophenonate）和Ti（η 5 -C 5 H ^ 5）2（ø，ö描述了-3-乙酰基-1-苄基-2-羟基-1-甲氧基吲哚酸酯。钛的分子结构（η 5 -C 5 H ^ 5）（乙酰丙酮化物）通过X-射线晶体学测定（晶体数据：单斜，空间群P 2 1 / ç，一个= 8.338（6），b = 21.71（2 ）， ，β = 106.9（1）°， ，ž = 4，Ť = 293度- [R = 0.087，[R瓦特= 0.093基于用于1015米独立的反射我> 2 σ（我））。发现该结构略有变形，并分别显示出正常的平均TiO和TiC键长分别为2.07和2.37Å（平均）。将对3-乙酰基-1-苄
• Cyclopentadienyl transfer reaction: thermal reaction between Re2(CO)10 and a series of cyclopentadienyl transition metal complexes
  作者：Siden Top、Christophe Lescop、Jean-Sébastien Lehn、Gérard Jaouen

  DOI：10.1016/s0022-328x(99)00618-x

  日期：2000.1

  by the fact that the hapticity of the ligand in the Ti and Ni substrates changes easily allowing for an extra temporary coordination of [Re2(CO)9], for example, generated in situ and leading to CpRe(CO)3. Heating titanium compound 1 with Re2(CO)10 led to CpRe(CO)3 and the substituted cyclopentadienyltricarbonylrhenium compound 2 with yields of 36 and 37%, respectively.

  描述了一系列有机金属环戊二烯基配合物与作为Re（CO）3来源的Re 2（CO）10之间的热配体转移反应。获得了预期的CpRe（CO）3络合物，这是一种非常坚固的分子，其收率范围很差，例如当环戊二烯前体热稳定性太高或易分解时，太容易产生挥发性环戊二烯分子，从而达到优异的收率。与Cp 2 TiCl 2或Cp 2 Ni一样。我们通过以下事实来解释观察到的行为，即Ti和Ni基体中配体的触觉容易改变，从而允许[Re 2（CO）的额外临时配位。例如，图9 ]是原位产生并导致CpRe（CO）3。将钛化合物1与Re 2（CO）10加热，分别得到CpRe（CO）3和取代的环戊二烯基三羰基hen化合物2，产率分别为36％和37％。
• Cobaltocenium acetylsalicylate: synthesis and circular dichroism study of interactions with DNA
  作者：L. V. Snegur、M. V. Kaverin、K. K. Babievsky

  DOI：10.1007/s11172-019-2625-x

  日期：2019.9

  The concentration dependences observed in its interaction with the double helix of DNA have been studied by circular dichroism. In these spectra, changes in the positions and decrease in the intensities of the curves in the positive and negative regions are observed when adding in increasing concentrations of cobaltocenium acetylsalicylate to calf thymus DNA. The observed changes in the effects of Cotton

  首次合成并表征了乙酰水杨酸钴。已经通过圆二色性研究了在其与 DNA 双螺旋相互作用中观察到的浓度依赖性。在这些光谱中，当向小牛胸腺 DNA 中添加浓度增加的乙酰水杨酸钴时，可以观察到曲线在正区域和负区域中的位置变化和强度降低。观察到的棉花效应的变化被解释为 DNA 双螺旋构象的局部变化，这是由带正电荷的茂金属阳离子与磷酸盐 DNA 片段的相互作用引起的。
• Rhenium carbonyl complexes of 2,6-diazaanthracene-9,10-dione(daad): spectroelectrochemistry of BrRe(CO)4daad
  作者：Joy L Morgan、Amar H Flood、Keith C Gordon、Brian H Robinson、Jim Simpson

  DOI：10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00231-6

  日期：2003.5

  An analysis of the X-ray structure, vibrational and electronic spectra of BrRe(CO)4daad, 2, and a spectroscopic study of the radical anion 2− are presented (daad=2,6-diazaanthracene-9,10-dione). Strong π-stacking is seen in the crystal structure of 2. Electronic absorption, resonance Raman vibrational analysis and electrochemistry of 2 support an assignment of the HOMO and LUMO to a predominately metal

  X射线结构，BrRe的振动和电子光谱（CO）的分析4 DAAD，2，以及分光研究自由基阴离子的2 -被呈现（DAAD = 2,6- diazaanthracene -9,10-二酮） 。在2的晶体结构中可以看到很强的π堆积。电子吸收，共振拉曼振动分析和2的电化学支持分别将HOMO和LUMO分配给主要为金属dπ和配体π*轨道（位于喹啉环上）。供体Re（dπ）与受体配体π* MOs之间的轨道重叠差。2所经历基于配体的还原过程在-0.24 V，相对于decamethylferrocene，得到2 -经光谱电化学研究，分离为[Cp 2 Co] +盐。还确定了X = Br或Cl的不溶性[XRe（CO）3 daad] n和不稳定的XRe（CO）3（daad）2配合物。
• d¹ Oxosulfido-Mo(V) Compounds: First Isolation and Unambiguous Characterization of an Extended Series
  作者：Christian J. Doonan、Craig Gourlay、David J. Nielsen、Victor W. L. Ng、Paul D. Smith、David J. Evans、Graham N. George、Jonathan M. White、Charles G. Young

  DOI：10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00708

  日期：2015.7.6

  E([CoCp2]+/CoCp2) = −0.94 V and E(CoCp2/[CoCp2]−) = −1.88 V vs SCE). Structural characterization of [CoCp2][TpiPrMoOS(OC6H4CO2Et-2)]·2CH2Cl2 revealed a distorted octahedral Mo(V) anion with Mo═O and MoS distances of 1.761(5) and 2.215(2) Å, respectively, longer than corresponding distances in related TpiPrMoOS(OAr) compounds. The observation of strong S(1s) → (S(3p) + Mo(4d)) S K-preedge transitions indicative

  Tp i Pr Mo VI OS（OAr）与钴在甲苯中的反应导致沉淀出褐色的微晶氧硫代-Mo（V）化合物沉淀，[CoCp 2 ] [Tp i Pr Mo V OS（OAr）]（Cp – = η 5 -C 5 H ^ 5 -，TP我镨- =氢三（3- isopropylpyrazol -1-基）硼酸盐，OAR - =酚或2-小号卜，2-吨卜，3-吨卜，4-小号卜，4-PH，3,5-小号卜2，2-CO 2 Me中，2-CO2 Et或其2-CO 2 Ph衍生物）。这些化合物对空气和水都敏感，在大约-1时显示ν（Mo═O）和ν（Mo S）IR吸收带。分别比Tp i Pr MoOS（OAr）中的相应频段低890和435 cm –1，能量低20–40 cm –1。它们具有电化学活性，并表现出三个可逆的循环伏安波（E（Mo VI / Mo V）= -0.40至-0.66 V，E（[CoCp 2 ] + /