作者:Cynthia L. Raehl、C. A. Bond
DOI:10.1592/phco.20.5.436.35049
日期:2000.4
This study determined the extent of hospital-based clinical pharmacy services in 950 United States acute care, general, medical-surgical, and pediatric hospitals with 50 or more licensed beds in 1998 and compared results with data from similar national surveys in 1989, 1992, and 1995. Fifteen clinical pharmacy services were assessed to determine pharmacists' specific patient care responsibilities. Two services increased substantially over both the 9-year period and between 1995 and 1998: drug therapy protocol management and clinical pharmacokinetics consultations, which were offered in 70% and 80% of hospitals in 1998, respectively. Pharmacists' provision of in-service programs decreased 6% between 1995 and 1998, whereas other services remained constant. Pharmacists conducted clinical research in 14% of hospitals in 1998, averaging 7.2 ± 19.7 protocols/department annually; total budget was $224,572 ± 753,321; and mean clinical research funding increased 2.3-fold between 1995 and 1998. Clinical pharmacy services continue to expand, with pharmacists providing higher-level direct patient care related to drug therapy management and pharmacokinetics consultations.
本研究确定了 1998 年美国 950 家拥有 50 张或以上许可病床的急症护理、综合、内外科和儿科医院的医院临床药学服务范围,并将结果与 1989 年、1992 年和 1995 年的类似全国调查数据进行了比较。对 15 项临床药学服务进行了评估,以确定药剂师的具体病人护理职责。在这 9 年间以及 1995 年至 1998 年期间,有两项服务大幅增加:药物治疗方案管理和临床药物代谢动力学咨询,1998 年分别有 70% 和 80% 的医院提供了这两项服务。1995 年至 1998 年间,药剂师提供的在职培训计划减少了 6%,而其他服务则保持不变。1998 年,14% 的医院的药剂师开展了临床研究,平均每年 7.2 ± 19.7 项方案/科室;总预算为 224,572 ± 753,321 美元;1995 年至 1998 年期间,平均临床研究经费增加了 2.3 倍。临床药学服务继续扩大,药剂师为病人提供与药物治疗管理和药物代谢动力学咨询有关的更高层次的直接护理。