Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationship of the First Nonpeptidergic Inverse Agonists for the Human Cytomegalovirus Encoded Chemokine Receptor US28
摘要:
US28 is a human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encoded G-protein-coupled receptor that signals in a constitutively active manner. Recently, we identified 1 {5-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-piperidin-1-yl)-2,2-diphenylpentanenitrile} as the first reported nonpeptidergic inverse agonist for a viral-encoded chemokine receptor. Interestingly, this compound is able to partially inhibit the viral entry of HIV-1. In this study we describe the synthesis of 1 and several of its analogues and unique structure-activity relationships for this first class of small-molecule ligands for the chemokine receptor US28. Moreover, the compounds have been pharmacologically characterized as inverse agonists on US28. By modification of lead structure 1, it is shown that a 4-phenylpiperidine moiety is essential for affinity and activity. Other structural features of 1 are shown to be of less importance. These compounds define the first SAR of ligands on a viral GPCR (US28) and may therefore serve as important tools to investigate the significance of US28-mediated constitutive activity during viral infection.
Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationship of the First Nonpeptidergic Inverse Agonists for the Human Cytomegalovirus Encoded Chemokine Receptor US28
作者:Janneke W. Hulshof、Paola Casarosa、Wiro M. P. B. Menge、Leena M. S. Kuusisto、Henk van der Goot、Martine J. Smit、Iwan J. P. de Esch、Rob Leurs
DOI:10.1021/jm050418d
日期:2005.10.1
US28 is a human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encoded G-protein-coupled receptor that signals in a constitutively active manner. Recently, we identified 1 5-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-piperidin-1-yl)-2,2-diphenylpentanenitrile} as the first reported nonpeptidergic inverse agonist for a viral-encoded chemokine receptor. Interestingly, this compound is able to partially inhibit the viral entry of HIV-1. In this study we describe the synthesis of 1 and several of its analogues and unique structure-activity relationships for this first class of small-molecule ligands for the chemokine receptor US28. Moreover, the compounds have been pharmacologically characterized as inverse agonists on US28. By modification of lead structure 1, it is shown that a 4-phenylpiperidine moiety is essential for affinity and activity. Other structural features of 1 are shown to be of less importance. These compounds define the first SAR of ligands on a viral GPCR (US28) and may therefore serve as important tools to investigate the significance of US28-mediated constitutive activity during viral infection.