ABSTRACT
From
in vivo
observations, a majority of
M. tuberculosis
cells in latently infected individuals are in a dormant and probably nonculturable state, display little metabolic activity, and are phenotypically resistant to antibiotics. Despite many attempts, no specific antimicrobials effective against latent tuberculosis have yet been found, partly because of a lack of reliable and adequate
in vitro
models for screening of drug candidates. We propose here a novel
in vitro
model of
M. tuberculosis
dormancy that meets the important criteria of latency, namely, nonculturability of cells, considerable reduction of metabolic activity, and significant phenotypic resistance to the first-line antibiotics rifampin and isoniazid. Using this model, we found a new group of 2-thiopyridine derivatives that had potent antibacterial activity against both actively growing and dormant
M. tuberculosis
cells. By means of the model of
M. tuberculosis
nonculturability, several new 2-thiopyridine derivatives were found to have potent antitubercular activity. The compounds are effective against both active and dormant
M. tuberculosis
cells. The bactericidal effects of compounds against dormant
M. tuberculosis
was confirmed by using three different
in vitro
models of tuberculosis dormancy. The model of nonculturability could be used as a reliable tool for screening drug candidates, and 2-thiopyridine derivatives may be regarded as prominent compounds for further development of new drugs for curing latent
M. tuberculosis
infection.
摘要
从
体内
观察发现,大多数
结核杆菌
潜伏感染者体内的大多数结核杆菌细胞处于休眠状态,可能无法进行培养,几乎没有新陈代谢活动,而且在表型上对抗生素具有抗药性。尽管进行了许多尝试,但仍未找到对潜伏结核病有效的特异性抗菌药物,部分原因是缺乏可靠和充分的
体外
模型来筛选候选药物。我们在此提出一种新型
体外
模型
结核杆菌
该模型符合潜伏期的重要标准,即细胞不可培养、代谢活性显著降低以及对一线抗生素利福平和异烟肼具有明显的表型耐药性。利用这一模型,我们发现了一组新的 2-噻吩并吡啶衍生物,它们对活跃生长和休眠的结核杆菌都有很强的抗菌活性。
结核杆菌
细胞都有很强的抗菌活性。通过结核杆菌模型
结核杆菌
通过结核杆菌非培养模型,发现几种新的 2-硫吡啶衍生物具有很强的抗结核活性。这些化合物对活性和休眠的
结核杆菌
细胞都有效。这些化合物对休眠的
结核杆菌
通过三种不同的
体外
结核病休眠模型证实了化合物对休眠结核杆菌的杀菌作用。非培养模型可作为筛选候选药物的可靠工具,2-噻啶衍生物可被视为进一步开发治疗潜伏结核杆菌新药的重要化合物。
结核杆菌
感染。