Straightforward Synthesis of 1,2-Dicyanoalkanes from Nitroalkenes and Silyl Cyanide Mediated by Tetrabutylammonium Fluoride
作者:Kensuke Kiyokawa、Takaya Nagata、Junpei Hayakawa、Satoshi Minakata
DOI:10.1002/chem.201404780
日期:2015.1.12
A straightforward synthesis of 1,2‐dicyanoalkanes by reacting nitroalkenes with trimethylsilyl cyanide in the presence of tetrabutylammonium fluoride is described. The reaction proceeds through a tandem double Michael addition under mild conditions. Employing the hypervalent silicate generated from trimethylsilyl cyanide and tetrabutylammonium fluoride is essential for achieving this transformation
描述了在氟化四丁基铵存在下,使硝基烯烃与三甲基甲硅烷基氰化物反应,直接合成1,2-二氰基烷烃的方法。反应在温和条件下通过串联双迈克尔加成反应进行。使用由三甲基甲硅烷基氰化物和四丁基氟化铵生成的高价硅酸盐对于实现这种转化至关重要。机理研究表明,反应介质中包含的少量水起着关键作用。该协议适用于各种类型的底物,包括富电子和缺电子的芳族硝基烯烃,以及脂肪族硝基烯烃。此外,发现乙烯基砜是很好的替代品,特别是对于缺电子的硝基烯烃。