Periodic mesoporous organosilicas containing amine and ammonium substructures were synthesized via soft templating approaches using anionic surfactants. Pore size control was achieved either using anionic surfactants containing alkyl groups of variable chain lengths or by addition of swelling agents such as mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, TMB) to the hydrolysis–polycondensation mixture. The addition of mesitylene allows to increase the pore size in the materials from 2 to 6 nm. The materials appear as versatile and recyclable heterogeneous organocatalysts in Knoevenagel and Henry reactions and in the formation of monoglycerides by ring opening reaction of glycidol. This study highlights the huge potential of silica hybrid materials containing ionic substructures (i-silica) materials in heterogeneous catalysis.
利用阴离子表面活性剂,通过软模板法合成了含有胺和
铵亚结构的周期性介孔有机
硅。孔径控制可通过使用含有不同链长烷基的阴离子表面活性剂或在
水解-缩聚混合物中添加膨胀剂(如介苯(1,3,5-三甲基苯,
TMB))来实现。添加
间二甲苯可使材料的孔径从 2 纳米增加到 6 纳米。在克诺文纳格尔反应和亨利反应中,以及在通过
缩水甘油的开环反应形成单甘酯的过程中,这些材料都是多功能、可循环的异质有机催化剂。这项研究凸显了含有离子子结构(i-
二氧化硅)材料的
二氧化硅杂化材料在异相催化中的巨大潜力。