3-dinitroalkanes. The synthesis proceeds through the nitroaldol reaction of nitromethane, which acts both as nucleophile and as solvent, to the aldehydes with the formation of β-nitroalkanols as intermediates that convert to nitroalkenes. Further nucleophilic behavior of the nitromethane produces the in situ conjugate addition of its carbanion to the formed nitroalkenes giving the one-pot synthesis of the title
在碱性氧化铝作为固体催化剂存在下,醛与过量
硝基甲烷的反应允许一锅法制备 1,3-二硝基
烷烃。合成过程通过
硝基甲烷与醛的硝基醛醇反应进行,
硝基甲烷既作为亲核试剂又作为溶剂,生成 β-硝基链烷醇作为中间体,转化为硝基烯烃。
硝基甲烷的进一步亲核行为产生其碳负离子与形成的硝基烯烃的原位共轭加成,从而实现标题化合物的一锅法合成。该催化剂显示出对脂肪族、芳香族和杂芳族醛的普遍适用性。