... Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) ... /was/ incubated with human liver S9 fraction and microsomes. ... TCEP was poorly metabolized into its diester and a product of oxidative dehalogenation. ...
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TRCP), a flame retardant, produces a dose-, sex-, and species-dependent lesion in the hippocampal region of the brain following subchronic oral administration. This lesion is more common and more severe in female F344 rats than in male F344 rats, and is not observed in B6C3F1 mice. The present investigation of the metabolism of TRCP was designed to detect sex and species variations that might account for differences in toxicity. Elimination of TRCP-derived radioactivity was more rapid in mice, which excreted greater than 70% of an oral dose of 175 mg/kg in urine in 8 hr vs approximately 40% for male or female rats. However, the metabolic profile of TRCP-derived radioactivity in urine was similar for both species. The major metabolite in female rat urine was identified as bis(2-chloroethyl) carboxymethyl phosphate. This metabolite co-chromatographed with the major metabolite found in both male rat and mouse urine. Two additional metabolites identified in female rat urine were bis(2-chloroethyl) hydrogen phosphate and the glucuronide of bis(2-chloroethyl) 2-hydroxyethyl phosphate. These metabolites also cochromatographed with metabolites found in male rat and mouse urine. TRCP metabolism in rats was not induced or inhibited by nine daily 175 mg/kg doses. Toxicity, as evidenced by seizures, was potentiated in male rats pretreated with inhibitors of aldehyde dehydrogenase.
The hepatic microsomal fraction from male rats, but not female rats, metabolized TCEP. Liver slices and blood plasma, however, of both sexes metabolized the compound, demonstrating that at least part of the metabolism is extramicrosomal. Liver slices and microsomes from both male and female humans metabolized TCEP, but plasma and whole blood did not.
In a study on male B6C3F1 mice, more than 70% of an oral dose of 175 mg (14)C-labelled TCEP/kg body weight was excreted in urine within 8 hr. Identified urinary metabolites of TCEP in mice were bis(2-chloroethyl) carboxymethyl phosphate, bis(2-chloroethyl) hydrogen phosphate and bis(2-chloroethyl) 2-hydroxyethyl phosphate glucuronide.
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: (Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate is a Clear, transparent liquid. It is used primarily as an additive plasticizer and viscosity regulator with flame-retarding properties for polyurethane, polyesters, polyvinyl chloride and other polymers. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate did not consistently demonstrate detectable unscheduled DNA synthesis with and without metabolic activation and failed to show a dose-response relationship in human WI-38 cells. ANIMAL STUDIES: In repeat dose studies Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate caused adverse effects on the brain (hippocampal lesions in rats), liver and kidneys. Non-irritant to eyes, but conflicting reports in the literature on skin irritation, has not been tested for sensitization potential. Not teratogenic. It adversely affects the fertility of male rats and mice. In vitro mutagenicity test results were inconsistent and an in vivo micronucleus test gave equivocal results. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate causes benign and malignant tumors at various organ sites in rats and mice. A very high oral dose caused some inhibition of plasma cholinesterase and brain neuropathy target esterase, but did not cause delayed neurotoxicity. In rats, a high dose caused convulsions, brain lesions and impaired performance. Metabolites in rats and mice include bis(2-chloroethyl)carboxymethyl phosphate; bis(2-chloroethyl) hydrogen phosphate; and bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl phosphate glucuronide excreted mainly via the urine.
Evaluation: No epidemiological data relevant to the carcinogenicity of tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate were available. There is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate in experimental animals. Overall evaluation: Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TRCP) is a flame retardant that has a wide variety of industrial applications. In subchronic studies, oral administration of TRCP to rats and mice has been reported to produce dose-, sex-, and species-dependent lesions in the hippocampal brain region. The present investigation has examined the metabolism, elimination, and regional brain distribution of (14)C TRCP in male and female rats. (14)C TRCP was administered by gavage (0, 175, 350, or 700 mg/kg) and urine, feces, exhaled volatiles, CO2, and selected tissues were collected. Regional brain distribution of (14)C was determined 2 hr following single doses of TRCP to male and female rats, and 24 hr after a single dose and the last of 14 daily doses of TRCP to female rats. Results of these studies indicate that TRCP is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, distributed to all brain regions, and that metabolism and excretion are nearly complete in 72 hr. Most of the TRCP-derived radioactivity was excreted in urine (up to 85%), with feces, volatiles, and CO2 combined accounting for less than 10% of the dose. Predominant signs of toxicity associated with TRCP administration (350 and 700 mg/kg) were seizures within 2 hr of treatment, when most of the TRCP-derived radioactivity present in brain tissue was in the form of the parent compound. Traces of inextractable (14)C were detected at later times, but this material was not concentrated in brain relative to other tissues. ...
... Elimination of TRCP-derived radioactivity was more rapid in mice, which excreted greater than 70% of an oral dose of 175 mg/kg in urine in 8 hr vs approximately 40% for male or female rats. ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
物质似乎没有通过皮肤被吸收。
Material does not appear to be absorbed through the skin.
The distribution and excretion of (14)C-labelled TCEP in 5-week-old male Wistar rats orally dosed with 50 umol/kg body weight. The label was concentrated by various tissues, especially the liver and kidney, during the first 6 hr following administration and then rapidly decreased. Most of the label was excreted by 24 hr and by 168 hr less than 1% remained in tissues. Urine accounted for 96%, feces for 6%, and expired air for 2% of the label.
[EN] HYDROSILYLATION REACTION CURABLE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND USE<br/>[FR] COMPOSITIONS DURCISSABLES PAR UNE RÉACTION D'HYDROSILYLATION ET LEURS PROCÉDÉS DE PRÉPARATION ET D'UTILISATION
申请人：DOW CORNING
公开号：WO2013000788A1
公开（公告）日：2013-01-03
A composition contains (A) a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst and (B) an aliphatically unsaturated compound having an average, per molecule, of one or more aliphatically unsaturated organic groups capable of undergoing hydrosilylation reaction. The composition is capable of reacting via hydrosilylation reaction to form a reaction product, such as a silane, a gum, a gel, a rubber, or a resin. Ingredient (A) contains a platinum-ligand complex that can be prepared by reacting a platinum precursor and a ligand.
[EN] ACRYLATE-FUNCTIONAL BRANCHED ORGANOSILICON COMPOUND, METHOD OF PREPARING SAME, AND COPOLYMER FORMED THEREWITH<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉ D'ORGANOSILICIUM RAMIFIÉ À FONCTION ACRYLATE, SON PROCÉDÉ DE PRÉPARATION ET COPOLYMÈRE FORMÉ AVEC CELUI-CI
申请人：DOW SILICONES CORP
公开号：WO2020142474A1
公开（公告）日：2020-07-09
A method of preparing an acrylate-functional branched organosilicon compound ("compound") is provided, and comprises reacting (A) a branched organosilicon compound and (B) an acrylate compound in the presence of (C) a catalyst, wherein component (A) has the general formula X-Si(R1)3, where X comprises a halogen-functional moiety and each R1 is selected from R and –OSi(R4)3, with the proviso that at least one R1 is –OSi(R4)3; each R4 is selected from R, –OSi(R5)3, and –[OSiR2]mOSiR3; each R5 is selected from R, –OSi(R6)3, and –[OSiR2]mOSiR3; each R6 is selected from R and –[OSiR2]mOSiR3; each R is an independently selected hydrocarbyl group; and 0≤m≤100; with the proviso that at least one of R4, R5 and R6 is –[OSiR2]mOSiR3. The compound prepared by the method, a copolymer comprising the reaction product of the compound and a second compound, a method of forming the copolymer, and a composition comprising the copolymer are each also provided.
NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS SUITABLE FOR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF POLYURETHANES
申请人：Evonik Degussa GmbH
公开号：US20180194889A1
公开（公告）日：2018-07-12
The present invention provides for the use of nitrogen compounds of formula (I) and/or of corresponding quaternized and/or protonated compounds for production of polyurethanes, compositions containing these compounds and polyurethane systems, especially polyurethane foams, which have been obtained using the compounds.
Hydrosilylation Reaction Catalysts and Curable Compositions and Methods for Their Preparation and Use
申请人：Dow Corning Corporation
公开号：US20140296468A1
公开（公告）日：2014-10-02
A composition contains (A) a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst and (B) an aliphatically unsaturated compound having an average, per molecule, of one or more aliphatically unsaturated organic groups capable of undergoing hydrosilylation reaction. The composition is capable of reacting via hydrosilylation reaction to form a reaction product, such as a silane, a gum, a gel, a rubber, or a resin. Ingredient (A) contains an iron-organosilicon ligand complex that can be prepared by reacting an iron carbonyl compound and an organosilicon ligand.
AMIDINE GROUP - OR GUANIDINE GROUP - CONTAINING SILANE
申请人：SIKA TECHNOLOGY AG
公开号：US20170081348A1
公开（公告）日：2017-03-23
A silane of the formula (I) containing at least one aliphatic amidine group- or guanidine group-containing alkoxy group, to a method for producing same, to conversion products thereof, and to the use thereof as a catalyst in curable compositions, in particular based on silane group-containing polymers. The silane of the formula (I) is largely odorless and non-volatile at room temperature. The silane accelerates the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of silane groups very effectively without impairing the storage stability of silane group-containing polymers. Additionally, the silane is very tolerable in silane group-containing compositions, whereby such compositions are not prone to separate, migrate, or evaporate the catalyst.
