2,2-二甲基丙二腈 | 7321-55-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氮化合物
• 中文名称: 2,2-二甲基丙二腈
• 中文别名: 二甲基丙二腈
• 英文名称: 2,2-dimethylmalononitrile
• 英文别名: dimethylmalononitrile；DMMN；dimethylmalonitrile；2,2-dimethylpropanedinitrile
• CAS: 7321-55-3
• 化学式: C₅H₆N₂
• mdl: MFCD01321253
• 分子量: 94.116
• InChiKey: BCMJJXWXMZYZKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  31-33 °C (lit.)
• 沸点：
  120 °C/33 mmHg (lit.)
• 密度：
  0.9690 (rough estimate)
• 闪点：
  145 °F
• 蒸汽压力：
  1.45 mmHg
• 稳定性/保质期：
  常温常压下稳定，避免与强氧化剂接触。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.8
• 重原子数：
  7
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.6
• 拓扑面积：
  47.6
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

安全信息

• 危险品标志：
  F,T
• 安全说明：
  S16,S26,S36,S37,S39,S45
• 危险类别码：
  R23/24/25,R36/37/38,R11
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 2926 4.1/PG 3
• 包装等级：
  III
• 危险类别：
  4.1,6.1
• 危险性防范说明：
  P501,P261,P270,P240,P210,P241,P271,P264,P280,P370+P378,P337+P313,P305+P351+P338,P332+P313,P362,P301+P310+P330,P302+P352+P312,P304+P340+P311,P403+P233,P405
• 危险性描述：
  H301+H311+H331,H315,H319,H228
• 储存条件：
  请将药品存放在密闭、阴凉干燥的地方。

SDS

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Section 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE
Product identifiers
Product name : Dimethylmalononitrile
CAS-No. : 7321-55-3
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances

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Section 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Classification of the substance or mixture
Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 [EU-GHS/CLP]
Acute toxicity, Inhalation (Category 3)
Acute toxicity, Dermal (Category 3)
Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 3)
Skin irritation (Category 2)
Eye irritation (Category 2)
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3)
Classification according to EU Directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC
Highly flammable. Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Irritating to eyes, respiratory
system and skin.
Label elements
Labelling according Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 [CLP]
Pictogram
Signal word Danger
Hazard statement(s)
H301 Toxic if swallowed.
H311 Toxic in contact with skin.
H315 Causes skin irritation.
H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
H331 Toxic if inhaled.
H335 May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statement(s)
P261 Avoid breathing dust/ fume/ gas/ mist/ vapours/ spray.
P280 Wear protective gloves/ protective clothing.
P301 + P310 IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/
physician.
P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove
contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P311 Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/ physician.
Supplemental Hazard none
Statements
According to European Directive 67/548/EEC as amended.
Hazard symbol(s)
R-phrase(s)
R11 Highly flammable.
R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
S-phrase(s)
S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.
S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and
seek medical advice.
S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately
(show the label where possible).
Other hazards - none

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Section 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Substances
Formula : C5H6N2
Molecular Weight : 94,11 g/mol
Component Concentration
Dimethylmalononitrile
CAS-No. 7321-55-3 -

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Section 4. FIRST AID MEASURES
Description of first aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Take victim immediately to hospital. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with
water. Consult a physician.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been
thoroughly investigated.
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
no data available

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Section 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
For small (incipient) fires, use media such as "alcohol" foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. For large
fires, apply water from as far as possible. Use very large quantities (flooding) of water applied as a mist or
spray; solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of
water.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid)
Advice for firefighters
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
Further information
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

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Section 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove
all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapours accumulating to form
explosive concentrations. Vapours can accumulate in low areas.
Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and
place in container for disposal according to local regulations (see section 13). Keep in suitable, closed
containers for disposal.
Reference to other sections
For disposal see section 13.

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Section 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic
charge.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are
opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Specific end use(s)
no data available

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Section 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
Control parameters
Components with workplace control parameters
Exposure controls
Appropriate engineering controls
Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling
the product.
Personal protective equipment
Eye/face protection
Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under
appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique
(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of
contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and
the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Body Protection
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected
according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator
with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup
to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air
respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government
standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

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Section 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Information on basic physical and chemical properties
a) Appearance Form: liquid
Colour: white
b) Odour no data available
c) Odour Threshold no data available
d) pH no data available
e) Melting point/freezing Melting point/range: 31 - 33 °C - lit.
point
f) Initial boiling point and 120 °C at 44 hPa - lit.
boiling range
g) Flash point 63 °C - closed cup
h) Evaporation rate no data available
i) Flammability (solid, gas) The substance or mixture is a flammable solid with the category 2.
j) Upper/lower no data available
flammability or
explosive limits
k) Vapour pressure no data available
l) Vapour density no data available
m) Relative density no data available
n) Water solubility no data available
o) Partition coefficient: n- no data available
octanol/water
p) Auto-ignition no data available
temperature
q) Decomposition no data available
temperature
r) Viscosity no data available
s) Explosive properties no data available
t) Oxidizing properties no data available
Other safety information
no data available

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Section 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Reactivity
no data available
Chemical stability
no data available
Possibility of hazardous reactions
no data available
Conditions to avoid
Heat, flames and sparks.
Incompatible materials
Strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous decomposition products
Other decomposition products - no data available

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Section 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
IARC: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Inhalation - May cause respiratory irritation.
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
Potential health effects
Inhalation Toxic if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation.
Ingestion Toxic if swallowed.
Skin Toxic if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Eyes Causes serious eye irritation.
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been
thoroughly investigated.
Additional Information
RTECS: Not available

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Section 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Toxicity
no data available
Persistence and degradability
no data available
Bioaccumulative potential
no data available
Mobility in soil
no data available
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
no data available
Other adverse effects
no data available

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Section 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Waste treatment methods
Product
This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and
scrubber. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed
professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.

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Section 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
UN number
ADR/RID: 2926 IMDG: 2926 IATA: 2926
UN proper shipping name
ADR/RID: FLAMMABLE SOLID, TOXIC, ORGANIC, N.O.S. (Dimethylmalononitrile)
IMDG: FLAMMABLE SOLID, TOXIC, ORGANIC, N.O.S. (Dimethylmalononitrile)
IATA: Flammable solid, toxic, organic, n.o.s. (Dimethylmalononitrile)
Transport hazard class(es)
ADR/RID: 4.1 (6.1) IMDG: 4.1 (6.1) IATA: 4.1 (6.1)
Packaging group
ADR/RID: III IMDG: III IATA: III
Environmental hazards
ADR/RID: no IMDG Marine Pollutant: no IATA: no
Special precautions for user
no data available

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SECTION 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
N/A

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,2-二甲基丙二腈 在 Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain USDA₁₁₀ nitrilase bll6402 作用下， 以 phosphate buffer 为溶剂， 反应 24.0h， 以93%的产率得到2-氰基-2-甲基丙酸
  参考文献：
  名称：

  腈水解酶催化的二腈选择性水解和绿色获得对氰基羧酸具有重要意义的药物

  摘要：

  为了进一步探索其合成应用，已研究了日本根瘤菌（Bradyrhizobium japonicum）菌株USDA110的腈水解酶bll6402对各种二腈的水解作用。已经发现腈水解酶bll6402有效地将α，ω-二腈水解为ω-氰基羧酸，并且选择性与底物链长无关。该特征不同于各种来源的所有已知的腈水解酶。因此，将腈水解酶bll6402用于​​合成1-氰基环烷乙酸，这是合成加巴喷丁及其类似物的有用前体。

  DOI：

  10.1002/adsc.200700067
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2,2-二甲基-3-羟基丙醛 在 盐酸 、 甲醇 、 草酰氯 、 盐酸羟胺 、 四丁基氟化铵 、 水 、 potassium carbonate 、 三氟乙酸酐 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 二氯甲烷 、 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 反应 65.67h， 生成 2,2-二甲基丙二腈
  参考文献：
  名称：

  固相合成RNA序列中核糖核苷2'-羟基保护基的2-氰基-2-2,2-二甲基乙胺基-N-氧甲基

  摘要：

  2-氰基-2-甲基丙醛与2'- O-氨氧基甲基核糖核苷的反应可产生稳定且可逆的2' - O-（2-氰基-2-2,2-二甲基乙胺-N-氧甲基）核糖核苷。在对核碱基进行N-保护，5'-二甲氧基三苯甲基化和3'-磷酸化之后，得到的2'-保护的核糖核苷亚磷酰胺单体被用于三个嵌合RNA序列的固相合成，每个序列的嘌呤/嘧啶比率不同。在5‐苄硫基‐1 H存在下进行亚磷酰胺单体的活化时-四唑，在180 s内平均获得99％的耦合效率。RNA链装配完成后，在标准碱性条件下进行核苷酸碱基和磷酸盐保护基的去除以及从固相支持物中释放序列，而2' - O-（2-氰基-2，通过用氟化四正丁基铵（0.5  m）处理可实现2-二甲基乙胺基-N-氧甲基）保护基（不释放RNA烷基化副产物）在干燥的DMSO中于55°C下放置24–48 h。通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE），酶水解和基质辅助激光解吸/电离（MALDI）质谱对完全

  DOI：

  10.1002/chem.201204235

文献信息

• Copper(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Cyclization of <i>N</i>-Alkenylureas
  作者：Shaomin Fu、Honghao Yang、Guoqiang Li、Yuanfu Deng、Huanfeng Jiang、Wei Zeng

  DOI：10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00131

  日期：2015.2.20

  Cu(II)-catalyzed highly enantioselective intramolecular cyclization of N-alkenylureas was developed for the concise assembly of chiral vicinal diamino bicyclic heterocycles. Facile removal of carbonyl group of the carbamido moiety allowed for ready access to enantioenriched cyclic vicinal diamines.

  开发了第一个Cu（II）催化的N-烯基脲的高对映选择性分子内环化反应，用于手性邻位二氨基双环杂环的简洁组装。轻松去除氨基甲酸酯基团的羰基使得可以容易地获得对映体富集的环状邻位二胺。
• Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Cyanation of Aryl Halides and Phenol Derivatives via Transnitrilation
  作者：L. Reginald Mills、Joshua M. Graham、Purvish Patel、Sophie A. L. Rousseaux

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.9b11208

  日期：2019.12.11

  reductive coupling for the synthesis of benzonitriles from aryl (pseudo)halides and an electrophilic cyanating reagent, 2-methyl-2-phenyl malononitrile (MPMN). MPMN is a bench-stable, carbon-bound electrophilic CN reagent that does not release cyanide under the reaction conditions. A variety of medicinally relevant benzonitriles can be made in good yields. Addition of NaBr to the reaction mixture allows for

  在此，我们报告了一种 Ni 催化的还原偶联，用于从芳基（伪）卤化物和亲电氰化试剂 2-甲基-2-苯基丙二腈 (MPMN) 合成苯甲腈。MPMN 是一种工作台稳定的碳键合亲电子 CN 试剂，在反应条件下不会释放氰化物。可以以良好的收率制备多种与药用相关的苯甲腈。将 NaBr 添加到反应混合物中可以使用更具挑战性的芳基亲电试剂，例如芳基氯化物、甲苯磺酸盐和三氟甲磺酸盐。机理研究表明，溴化钠在促进这些底物的氧化加成方面发挥作用。
• Exploring the Synthetic Applicability of a Cyanobacterium Nitrilase as Catalyst for Nitrile Hydrolysis
  作者：Chandrani Mukherjee、Dunming Zhu、Edward R. Biehl、Ling Hua

  DOI：10.1002/ejoc.200600699

  日期：2006.12

  specificity and synthetic applicability of the nitrilase from cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 have been examined. This nitrilase catalyzed the hydrolysis of both aromatic and aliphatic nitriles to the corresponding acids in high yields. Furthermore, the stereoselective hydrolysis of phenyl-substituted β-hydroxy nitriles to (S)-enriched β-hydroxy carboxylic acids and selective hydrolysis of α

  蓝藻集胞藻腈水解酶的底物特异性和合成适用性。菌株 PCC 6803 已被检查。这种腈水解酶以高产率催化芳香族和脂肪族腈水解为相应的酸。此外，还实现了苯基取代的 β-羟基腈立体选择性水解为 (S) 富集的 β-羟基羧酸，以及具有五个或更少亚甲基的 α,ω-二腈选择性水解为 ω-氰基羧酸。这表明来自集胞藻属的腈水解酶。PCC 6803 可能是“绿色”腈水解的有用酶催化剂。(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
• Design of an Electron-Withdrawing Benzonitrile Ligand for Ni-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Involving Tertiary Nucleophiles
  作者：L. Reginald Mills、Racquel K. Edjoc、Sophie A. L. Rousseaux

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.1c05281

  日期：2021.7.14

  The design of new ligands for cross-coupling is essential for developing new catalytic reactions that access valuable products such as pharmaceuticals. In this report, we exploit the reactivity of nitrile-containing additives in Ni catalysis to design a benzonitrile-containing ligand for cross-coupling involving tertiary nucleophiles. Kinetic and Hammett studies are used to elucidate the role of the

  设计用于交叉偶联的新配体对于开发获得有价值产品（如药物）的新催化反应至关重要。在本报告中，我们利用含腈添加剂在 Ni 催化中的反应性来设计含苄腈的配体，用于涉及三级亲核试剂的交叉偶联。动力学和哈米特研究用于阐明优化配体的作用，这表明苄腈部分充当电子受体，以促进还原消除而不是 β-氢化物消除并稳定低价镍。在这些条件下，进行了脱氰-金属化和镍催化芳基化的方案，从而能够从双取代丙二腈中获得四元 α-芳基腈。
• Rhodium-Catalyzed Addition of Aryl Boronic Acids to 2,2-Disubstituted Malononitriles
  作者：Christian A. Malapit、Donald R. Caldwell、Irungu K. Luvaga、Jonathan T. Reeves、Ivan Volchkov、Nina C. Gonnella、Zhengxu S. Han、Carl A. Busacca、Amy R. Howell、Chris H. Senanayake

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201703471

  日期：2017.6.6

  prepared through Rh‐catalyzed addition of aryl boronic acids to 2,2‐disubstituted malononitriles. In contrast to the previously described transnitrilative cyanation of aryl boronic acids with dialkylmalononitriles, the present reaction avoids retro‐Thorpe collapse of the intermediate addition product through the use of a milder base. The reaction was amenable to a variety of aryl boronic acids and disubstituted

  通过在2，2-二取代的丙二腈中Rh催化芳基硼酸的加成反应，制得了在2位带有季碳的β-乙腈。与之前描述的芳基硼酸与二烷基丙二腈的反硝化氰化相反，本反应通过使用较温和的碱避免了中间体加成产物的逆索普-索普塌缩。该反应适用于各种芳基硼酸和二取代的丙二腈，可提供多种β-乙腈。该产品可以进一步衍生为有价值的手性α，通过加成反应成相应的α二取代的β氨基腈ñ -叔-butanesulfinyl亚胺。

表征谱图