Discovery of orally active hepatoselective glucokinase activators for treatment of Type II Diabetes Mellitus
摘要:
Systemically acting glucokinase activators (GKA) have been demonstrated in clinical trials to effectively lower blood glucose in patients with type II diabetes. However, mechanism-based hypoglycemia is a major adverse effect that limits the therapeutic potential of these agents. We hypothesized that the predominant mechanism leading to hypoglycemia is GKA-induced excessive insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells at (sub-)euglycemic levels. We further hypothesized that restricting GK activation to hepatocytes would maintain glucose -lowering efficacy while significantly reducing hypoglycemic risk. Here we report the discovery of a novel series of carboxylic acid substituted GKAs based on pyridine2-carboxamide. These GKAs exhibit preferential distribution to the liver versus the pancreas in mice. SAR studies led to the identification of a potent and orally active hepatoselective GKA, compound 6. GKA 6 demonstrated robust glucose lowering efficacy in high fat diet-fed mice at doses >= 10 mpk, with >= 70-fold liver:pancreas distribution, minimal effects on plasma insulin levels, and significantly reduced risk of hypoglycemia. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
The present invention describes 2,3-di-substituted N-heteroaromatic propionamides, of Formula (I) wherein the substitution at the 3-position is an optionally substituted phenyl ring and the substitution at the 2-position is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group; pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same; and, methods of using the same. The propionamides are glucokinase activators for the treatment of type II diabetes.
[EN] HETEROARYL-UREAS AND THEIR USE AS GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS<br/>[FR] HETEROARYL-UREES ET LEUR UTILISATION EN TANT QU'ACTIVATEURS DE GLUCOKINASE
申请人:NOVO NORDISK AS
公开号:WO2005066145A1
公开(公告)日:2005-07-21
This invention relates to compounds that are of formula (I) wherein A is heteroaryl and R1 and R2 are both cyclic residues, that are activators of glucokinase and thus may be useful for the management, treatment, control, or adjunct treatment of diseases, where increasing glucokinase activity is beneficial .
Dicycloalkyl urea glucokinase activators compounds are glucokinase inhibitors useful for the treatment of diabetes.
二环烷基脲型葡萄糖激酶激活剂化合物是一种有用于糖尿病治疗的葡萄糖激酶抑制剂。
Heteroaryl-Ureas and Their Use as Glucokinase Activators
申请人:Murray Anthony
公开号:US20090216013A1
公开(公告)日:2009-08-27
This invention relates to compounds of formula (I)
which are activators of glucokinase and thus may be useful for the management, treatment, control, or adjunct treatment of diseases, where increasing glucokinase activity is beneficial.
Dicycloalkylcarbamoyl Ureas As Glucokinase Activators
申请人:Murray Anthony
公开号:US20080319028A1
公开(公告)日:2008-12-25
This invention relates to dicycloalkylcarbamoyl ureas of formula (I), which are activators of glucokinase and thus may be useful for the management, treatment, control, or adjunct treatment of diseases, where increasing glucokinase activity is beneficial.