The synthesis of N-heteroaromatic compounds via an acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling process involving direct use of ammonia as the nitrogen source was explored. We report the synthesis of pyrazine derivatives from 1,2-diols and the synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles by a multicomponent dehydrogenative coupling of 1,4-diols and primary alcohols with ammonia. The acridine-based Ru-pincer complex
An approach to the Paal–Knorr pyrroles synthesis catalyzed by Sc(OTf)3 under solvent-free conditions
作者:Jiuxi Chen、Huayue Wu、Zhiguo Zheng、Can Jin、Xingxian Zhang、Weike Su
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.05.085
日期:2006.7
A facile synthesis of N-substitutedpyrroles by the Paal–Knorrcondensation has been accomplished using a simple procedure. Among different metal triflates screened, 1 mol % Sc(OTf)3 efficiently promoted the reaction to give excellent yield (89–98%) under mild reaction conditions. Additionally, Sc(OTf)3 could be recovered easily after the reactions and reused without evident loss in activity.
Sulfamic Acid as a Novel, Efficient, Cost‐Effective, and Reusable Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Pyrroles under Solvent‐Free Conditions
作者:Surya K. De
DOI:10.1080/00397910701821051
日期:2008.2.13
Abstract Paal–Knorr condensation of 2,5‐hexadione with primary amines in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfamic acidundersolvent‐freeconditions has been accomplished with an excellent yield. This is a very easy, rapid, and high‐yielding reaction for the synthesis N‐substituted pyrrole derivatives.
摘要 在无溶剂条件下,在催化量的氨基磺酸存在下,2,5-己二酮与伯胺的 Paal-Knorr 缩合反应以优异的产率完成。这是合成 N 取代吡咯衍生物的一个非常简单、快速和高产率的反应。
Paal–Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis in Water
作者:Dilek Akbaşlar、Onur Demirkol、Sultan Giray
DOI:10.1080/00397911.2013.857691
日期:2014.5.3
Abstract Water was a suitable medium for Paal–Knorrpyrrole cyclocondensation. Hexa-2,5-dione was reacted with several aliphatic and aromatic primary amines, affording N-substituted 2,5-dimethyl pyrrole derivatives in good to excellent yields. An efficient, green method using water either as environmentally friendly solvent or catalyst was presented. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Copper/Nitroxyl-Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrroles by Oxidative Coupling of Diols and Primary Amines at Room Temperature
作者:Weiru Fu、Lina Zhu、Shangzhi Tan、Zhengjia Zhao、Xiangzhu Yu、Lianyue Wang
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.2c01646
日期:2022.10.7
The Cu/ABNO-catalyzed aerobicoxidative coupling of diols and primary amines to access N-substituted pyrroles is highlighted (ABNO = 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane N-oxyl). The reaction proceeds at roomtemperature with an O2 balloon as the oxidant using commercially available materials as the substrates and catalysts. The catalyst system is characterized by a broad range of substrates and a good tolerance
突出显示了 Cu/ABNO 催化的二醇和伯胺的需氧氧化偶联以获得 N 取代的吡咯(ABNO = 9-氮杂双环 [3.3.1] 壬烷N-氧基)。反应在室温下以 O 2气球作为氧化剂进行,使用市售材料作为底物和催化剂。该催化剂体系的特点是广泛的底物和对敏感官能团的良好耐受性。克级实验证明了该系统的实用性。