AbstractThe synthesis and extensive characterization of nine aryl sulfur diimides (SDIs, Ar−NSN−Ar) are presented with a robust computational and experimental investigation of the fundamental properties of these important members of the thiazyl family of compounds, with particular attention paid to their highly tunable electrochemical behaviour. This is the first work to undertake a systematic comparison of the electrochemical profiles of a coherent series of SDIs to demonstrate and quantify the response of their reduction potentials to substituent electron‐donating and ‐withdrawing properties. This effect is found to be not only exceptionally strong, but also correlates very closely with computed orbital energies. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to determine the nature, localization, and qualitative lifetimes of the radical anions of SDIs. This work also addresses significant misconceptions about physical properties of SDIs. Experimental data and modern computational methods are employed to provide a resolute answer to the long‐standing contention of the solution‐state conformations of SDIs, and to correct historical mistakes in the assignment of infrared spectroscopic data. High‐quality crystal structures of all SDIs in this work showcase the utility of the recently introduced structural refinement software NoSpherA2, enabling full anisotropic refinement of H‐atoms with accurate C−H bond lengths.
摘要 本文介绍了九种芳基硫二亚胺(SDIs,Ar-NSN-Ar)的合成和广泛表征,并对这些噻唑族化合物重要成员的基本性质进行了深入的计算和实验研究,尤其关注它们高度可调的电化学行为。这是首次对一系列连贯的 SDI 的电化学特性进行系统比较,以展示和量化它们的还原电位对取代基电子供取特性的响应。研究发现,这种效应不仅异常强烈,而且与计算出的轨道能量密切相关。电子顺磁共振光谱法用于确定 SDIs 自由基阴离子的性质、定位和定性寿命。这项研究还解决了有关 SDI 物理性质的重大误解。通过实验数据和现代计算方法,对 SDIs 溶液态构象的长期争论给出了明确的答案,并纠正了红外光谱数据赋值方面的历史性错误。这项研究中所有 SDIs 的高质量晶体结构都展示了最近推出的结构细化软件 NoSpherA2 的实用性,该软件可以对具有精确 C-H 键长度的 H 原子进行完全各向异性细化。