申请人:Johnson & Johnson
公开号:US04012402A1
公开(公告)日:1977-03-15
Difunctional monomers of the formula, ##STR1## where R is an organic linking group derived from a diol or a dihalide of the formula X-R-X, where X is either chlorine, bromine, iodine, or hydroxy, are prepared by reacting a conjugated diene, exemplified by anthracene, with an ester of 2-cyanoacrylic acid to form the Diels-Alder adduct of the ester. The ester adduct is hydrolyzed to ultimately obtain either the Diels-Alder adduct of either 2-cyanoacrylic acid--alkali metal salt of 2-cyanoacryloyl halide. These latter intermediates are respectively reacted with either the dihalide or the diol to afford the bis-Diels-Alder adduct of the R substituted bis (2-cyanoacrylate) monomer. The protective diene group may then be removed, for example, by reaction with excess maleic anhydride and the resulting difunctional monomer isolated. The difunctional monomers thus prepared can be utilized as crosslinking agents in blends comprising one or more of these difunctional monomers and at least one monofunctional monomer, exemplified by an ester of 2-cyanoacrylic acid. Alternately, one or more difunctional monomers can be homopolymerized or copolymerized to a highly crosslinked polymer. The copolymerized compositions of the monomer blends are particularly useful as adhesives, especially in dental applications for coating or sealing enamel surfaces of teeth to allay decay, or for the bonding of brackets to teeth in orthodontics the bond being substantially more resistant to moisture than where the monofunctional monomer is used alone.
该文献介绍了一种制备双官能单体的方法,化学式为##STR1## 其中R为源自二元醇或二卤代物X-R-X的有机连接基,其中X为氯、溴、碘或羟基。该方法通过将一种共轭二烯与2-氰基丙烯酸酯反应形成Diels-Alder加合物,然后水解酯加合物,最终获得2-氰基丙烯酸的Diels-Alder加合物-2-氰基丙烯酰卤化物的碱金属盐。这些中间体分别与二卤代物或二元醇反应,得到R取代的双(2-氰基丙烯酸酯)单体的双Diels-Alder加合物。然后可以去除保护二烯基团,例如通过与过量马来酸酐反应,得到所需的双官能单体。这些制备的双官能单体可用作交联剂,与至少一种单官能单体混合使用,例如2-氰基丙烯酸酯。另外,一个或多个双官能单体可以进行均聚或共聚反应,形成高度交联的聚合物。共聚物的组成物在黏合剂中特别有用,特别是在牙科应用中,用于涂覆或密封牙齿的珐琅质表面以防止腐烂,或用于在正畸学中将托槽粘接到牙齿上,其粘合强度比单官能单体使用时更耐潮湿。