Biochemical evaluation of a series of synthetic chalcone and hydrazide derivatives as novel inhibitors of cruzain from Trypanosoma cruzi
摘要:
Chagas' disease, a parasitic infection widely distributed throughout Latin America, is a major public health problem with devastating consequences in terms of human morbidity and mortality. The enzyme cruzain is the major cysteine protease from Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of American trypanosomiasis or Chagas' disease, and has been selected as an attractive target for the development of novel trypanocidal drugs. In the present work, we describe the synthesis and inhibitory effects of a series of thirty-three chalcone and seven hydrazide derivatives against the enzyme cruzain from T. cruzi. Most of the compounds showed promising in vitro inhibition (IC50 values in the range of 20-60 mu M), which suggest the potential of these compounds as lead candidates for further development. Twelve compounds have not been reported before, and four of them (7, 13, 16 e 18) are among the most potent inhibitors of the series.
Synthetic compounds from an <i>in house</i> library as inhibitors of falcipain-2 from <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>
作者:Jean Borges Bertoldo、Louise Domeneghini Chiaradia-Delatorre、Alessandra Mascarello、Paulo César Leal、Marlon Norberto Sechini Cordeiro、Ricardo José Nunes、Emir Salas Sarduy、Philip Jon Rosenthal、Hernán Terenzi
DOI:10.3109/14756366.2014.920839
日期:2015.3.4
Falcipain-2 (FP-2) is a key cysteine protease from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Many previous studies have identified FP-2 inhibitors; however, none has yet met the criteria for an antimalarial drug candidate. In this work, we assayed an in-house library of non-peptidic organic compounds, including (E)-chalcones, (E)-N'-benzylidene-benzohydrazides and alkylesters of gallic acid, and assessed the activity toward FP-2 and their mechanisms of inhibition. The (E)-chalcones 48, 54 and 66 showed the lowest IC50 values (8.5 +/- 0.8 mu M, 9.5 +/- 0.2 mu M and 4.9 +/- 1.3 mu M, respectively). The best inhibitor (compound 66) demonstrated non-competitive inhibition, and using mass spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopy assays, we suggest a potential allosteric site for the interaction of this compound, located between the catalytic site and the hemoglobin binding arm in FP-2. We combined structural biology tools and mass spectrometry to characterize the inhibition mechanisms of novel compounds targeting FP-2.