Pyrrolidine-modified and 6-substituted analogs of nicotine: A structure—affinity investigation
摘要:
Because the structural requirements for the binding of nicotine to central nicotine receptors remain largely uninvestigated, we undertook a systematic investigation of pyrrolidine ring-opened analogs. This led to a subsequent investigation of related conformationally restricted derivatives of these analogs. The results are reported relative to the binding of several well-known and widely used nicotine receptor ligands. Although none of the ring-opened analogs binds with higher affinity than (-)nicotine (K-i = 2.3 nM), 3-(N-methyl-N-ethylaminomethyl)pyridine (12a; K-i = 28 nM) binds with significant affinity. A conformationally restricted analog of 12a, N-methyl [2,7]naphthyridine 30b (K-i = 18 nM), binds with similar affinity. 6-Substitution of 12a and racemic nicotine seems to be tolerated when the substituent is halogen or methyl. In functional studies (hypolocomotion and antinociception in mice; stimulus generalization in nicotine-trained rats) 30b retains nicotine-like properties. Several of the 6-substituted compounds were 2 to 20 times more potent than (+/-)nicotine. Although the intact pyrrolidine ring of nicotine appears important for optimal affinity, its pre presence is not an absolute requirement for activity, and 6-position substitution of the pyridine nucleus can influence both binding and functional activity.
Because the structural requirements for the binding of nicotine to central nicotine receptors remain largely uninvestigated, we undertook a systematic investigation of pyrrolidine ring-opened analogs. This led to a subsequent investigation of related conformationally restricted derivatives of these analogs. The results are reported relative to the binding of several well-known and widely used nicotine receptor ligands. Although none of the ring-opened analogs binds with higher affinity than (-)nicotine (K-i = 2.3 nM), 3-(N-methyl-N-ethylaminomethyl)pyridine (12a; K-i = 28 nM) binds with significant affinity. A conformationally restricted analog of 12a, N-methyl [2,7]naphthyridine 30b (K-i = 18 nM), binds with similar affinity. 6-Substitution of 12a and racemic nicotine seems to be tolerated when the substituent is halogen or methyl. In functional studies (hypolocomotion and antinociception in mice; stimulus generalization in nicotine-trained rats) 30b retains nicotine-like properties. Several of the 6-substituted compounds were 2 to 20 times more potent than (+/-)nicotine. Although the intact pyrrolidine ring of nicotine appears important for optimal affinity, its pre presence is not an absolute requirement for activity, and 6-position substitution of the pyridine nucleus can influence both binding and functional activity.
2-Arylindole-3-acetamides
作者:B.Wesley Trotter、Amy G. Quigley、William C. Lumma、John T. Sisko、Eileen S. Walsh、Christian S. Hamann、Ronald G. Robinson、Hema Bhimnathwala、D.Garrett Kolodin、Wei Zheng、Carolyn A. Buser、Hans E. Huber、Robert B. Lobell、Nancy E. Kohl、Theresa M. Williams、Samuel L. Graham、Christopher J. Dinsmore
DOI:10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00061-0
日期:2001.4
A series of 2-arylindole-3-acetamide farnesylproteintransferaseinhibitors has been identified. The compounds inhibit the enzyme in a farnesyl pyrophosphate-competitive manner and are selective for farnesylproteintransferase over the related enzyme geranylgeranyltransferase-I. A representative member of this series of inhibitors demonstrates equal effectiveness against HDJ-2 and K-Ras farnesylation