The invention relates to a process for preparing an overbased metal detergent in an oil medium comprising the steps of: (1) providing a metal salt selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbyl-substituted organic acid; a hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol, a phenate, a hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylate and mixtures thereof; (2) further providing methanol and a mixture of alcohols containing 2 to about 7 carbon atoms, wherein the mole ratio of methanol to the mixture of alcohols is about 2.2 or less, to form a mixture; (3) further providing a basic metal compound; (4) reacting the mixture of step (3) with carbon dioxide to form a carbonated overbased metal sulphonate; (5) performing steps (3) and (4) at least three additional times upon the product of step (4); (6) thereafter removing at least a portion of the water produced in steps (1)-(5) and of the alcohols introduced in step (2); (7) performing step (2) again, upon the product of step (6); (8) performing steps (3) and (4) at least two additional times upon the product of step (7); and (9) thereafter removing a substantial portion of the water and of the alcohols from the composition; wherein the oil medium is present in an amount such that the weight ratio of the acid corresponding to the metal salt of (1) to the oil medium is 0.3 to 1.4; and wherein step (6) is required when the hydrocarbyl-substituted organic acid is a hydrocarbyl-substituted sulphonic acid. The invention further relates to its use in internal combustion engines.
and almost quantitatively to the corresponding β,β-disubstituted α-ethylenic acids by carbonation. The influence of solvants and ligands in this insertion is discussed. Various functional groups are derived from these acids.
Nucleic acid sequences, particularly DNA sequences, coding for all or part of the high molecular weight subunit of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, expression vectors containing the DNA sequences, host cells containing the expression vectors, and methods utilizing these materials. The invention also concerns polypeptide molecules comprising all or part of the high molecular weight subunit of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, and methods for producing these polypeptide molecules. The invention additionally concerns novel methods for preventing, stabilizing or causing regression of atherosclerosis and therapeutic agents having such activity. The invention concerns further novel methods for lowering serum liquid levels and therapeutic agents having such activity.
Inhibitors of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein
申请人:BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY
公开号:EP0643057A1
公开(公告)日:1995-03-15
Compounds are provided which inhibit microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and thus are useful for lowering serum lipids and treating atherosclerosis and related diseases. The compounds have the structure
wherein R¹ to R⁷, X and Y are as defined herein.
所提供的化合物可抑制微粒体甘油三酯转移蛋白,从而有助于降低血清脂质和治疗动脉粥样硬化及相关疾病。这些化合物的结构如下
其中 R¹ 至 R⁷、X 和 Y 如本文所定义。