Metabolism of a novel skepinone l-like p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor
作者:K. Storch、M. Gehringer、B. Baur、S. A. Laufer
DOI:10.1039/c4md00106k
日期:——
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a key mediator in cytokine-induced signaling events and is activated in response to a variety of extracellular stimuli such as stress factors, UV-light and inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, the p38 MAP kinase plays an integral role in disease states including oncogenesis, immune disorders and inflammatory processes. Recently a novel class of highly selective p38α inhibitors was described and characterized as tools and probes for in vivo studies. The objective of the current study was the preclinical characterization of 3-((2,4-difluorophenyl)amino)dibenzo[b,e]oxepin-11(6H)-one, a potent p38α MAP kinase inhibitor. In rat and human hepatic microsomal incubations, the examined compound is completely inactivated (concerning the inhibitory potency of the isolated p38α enzyme) by a CYP2B6 mediated phase 1 metabolism. The dehalogenation and subsequent hydroxylation in the para position of the 2,4-difluorophenyl residue was found to be the predominant transformation. The metabolite was detected in different quantities in both species. In a consecutive reaction the phase 1 metabolite conjugates with glucuronic acid in terms of a phase 2 metabolism. The responsible isoenzymes were identified to be UGT1A3, UGT1A9 and UGT1A10. In this reaction UGT1A10 is the predominant driver of the conversion. Similar to the phase 1 metabolite, the conjugate could also be found in different amounts in both examined species.
p38 丝裂原激活蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 是细胞因子诱导的信号转导事件中的关键介质,并响应各种细胞外刺激(例如应激因子、紫外线和炎症细胞因子)而被激活。因此,p38 MAP 激酶在肿瘤发生、免疫紊乱和炎症过程等疾病状态中发挥着不可或缺的作用。最近,一类新型高选择性 p38α 抑制剂被描述和表征为体内研究的工具和探针。当前研究的目的是 3-((2,4-二氟苯基)氨基)二苯并[b,e]oxepin-11(6H)-one(一种有效的 p38α MAP 激酶抑制剂)的临床前表征。在大鼠和人肝微粒体孵育中,所检测的化合物通过 CYP2B6 介导的第 1 相代谢完全失活(考虑到分离的 p38α 酶的抑制效力)。发现 2,4-二氟苯基残基对位的脱卤和随后的羟基化是主要的转化。在两个物种中均检测到不同数量的代谢物。在连续反应中,第一相代谢物与葡萄糖醛酸结合,形成第二相代谢。相关同工酶被鉴定为 UGT1A3、UGT1A9 和 UGT1A10。在此反应中,UGT1A10 是转化的主要驱动力。与第一相代谢物类似,在两个受检物种中也发现了不同量的缀合物。