A novel Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization reaction was developed to construct a quaternary carbon center with high yield. This reaction provides an efficient method for the synthesis of 9,9'-diarylfluorenes by direct arylation of monoarylfluorene.
Courtot; Ouperoff, Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1930, vol. 191, p. 214