[EN] NEW HETEROCYCLIC AMIDE COMPOUNDS USEFUL FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY AND ALLERGIC DISORDERS: PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX COMPOSES AMIDES HETEROCYCLIQUES UTILISES POUR LE TRAITEMENT D'AFFECTIONS INFLAMMATOIRES ET ALLERGIQUES; PROCEDE PERMETTANT DE LES FABRIQUER ET COMPOSITIONS PHARMACEUTIQUES LES CONTENANT
申请人:GLENMARK PHARMACEUTICALS LTD
公开号:WO2004022536A1
公开(公告)日:2004-03-18
The present invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds that inhibit phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE 4). The compounds are useful for treating inflammatory conditions, diseases of the central nervous systems and insulin resistant diabetes.
[EN] INHIBITORS OF APOL1 AND USE OF THE SAME<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS D'APOL1 ET LEUR UTILISATION
申请人:VERTEX PHARMA
公开号:WO2021252849A1
公开(公告)日:2021-12-16
The disclosure provides compounds of Formula (I), deuterated derivatives of those compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of those compounds and derivatives, compositions comprising the same, and methods of using the same, including use in treating APOL1 mediated kidney disease.
Antibody-Catalyzed Rearrangement of a Peptide Bond: Mechanistic and Kinetic Investigations
作者:Louis J. Liotta、Richard A. Gibbs、Scott D. Taylor、Patricia A. Benkovic、Stephen J. Benkovic
DOI:10.1021/ja00122a001
日期:1995.5
Catalysis of the deamidation of asparagine residues may provide a powerful method for the deactivation of proteins. Catalytic antibodies (Gibbs et al. Science 1992, 258, 803) have been induced that catalyze the deamidation of a model dipeptide through an intermediate succinimide. Investigations of the mechanistic characteristics of two such antibodies, RG2-23C7 and RG2-2E4, revealed their ability to accelerate the hydrolysis of either the R- or S-enantiomers of the succinimide by factors of 10-500-fold to yield differing ratios of the aspartate and isoaspartate products. The mixed product ratios imply that two tetrahedral binding sites of unequal effectiveness were induced in response to the tetrahedral mimics (a phosphinate or secondary hydroxyl) within the hapten structure. The antibody RG2-2E4 also catalyzes the deamidation of either the D- or L-asparagine within the dipeptide through the intermediate cyclic imide, resulting in a multistep reaction sequence featuring a series of tetrahedral transition states. pH-rate profiles do not implicate functional groups within the antibodies' combining sites for either the deamidation or hydrolytic reactions. The strategy of bifunctional or higher order transition state mimics should provide a route to developing catalytic antibodies for reactions requiring multistep processing.