Palladium Complex-Catalyzed Reductive N-Heterocyclization of Nitroarenes: Novel Synthesis of Indole and 2H-Indazole Derivatives
摘要:
The dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (PdCl2(PPh(3))(2))-tin(II) chloride (SnCl2) system shows high catalytic activity for the reductive N-heterocyclization of various 2-nitrostyrene and N-(2-nitrobenzylidene)amine derivatives when employed at 100 degrees C for 16 h under 20 kg cm(-2) of initial carbon monoxide pressure, to give the corresponding indole and 2H-indazole derivatives in good yield. For example, 2-phenylindole was obtained in 75% yield from the reductive N-heterocyclization of 2-nitrostilbene. Similarly, 2-propyl-2H-indazole was readily prepared in 83% yield by the reductive N-heterocyclization of N-(2-nitrobenzylidene)propylamine. A nitrene intermediate for the present reaction is proposed on the basis of deuterium-labeling experiments and the investigation of alkyl rearrangement in the construction of the indole skeleton. Carbon monoxide effectively operates as a deoxygenating agent of the nitro group to afford a nitrene intermediate.
Access to original spirocyclic derivatives via inter- or intramolecular reaction mediated by manganese(III) acetate
摘要:
An easily reproducible protocol allowing inter- or intramolecular spirocyclization on beta-dicarbonyl structures is described. This methodology could afford a wide variety of spirocyclic pharmacophores. As examples, highly substituted spirobenzophenanthridin-6(5H)-ones and spirolactones were synthesized. These scaffolds could be used for the design of many compounds exhibiting biological activities. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Aryltriolborates as Air- and Water-Stable Bases for Wittig Olefination
作者:Wenhua Huang、Shuang-Hong Zhao、Ning Xu
DOI:10.1055/s-0034-1378919
日期:——
1-tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane, and aqueous tetrabutylammonium hydroxide. The aryltriolborates can be used as bases in Wittigreactions of aromatic aldehydes with all three types of phosphorus ylides: stabilized and semistabilized ylides can be generated at room temperature, and nonstabilizedylides at 120 °C (bath temperature). Tetrabutylammonium aryltriolborates have been synthesized in 37–66% yield by a one-pot
Novel N-[2-(cyclic alkyl)phenyl]pyrazole-4-carboxamides useful as fungicides, methods of using said compounds, and fungicidal compositions containing them.