Methods of the design of podands with α-aminomethylphosphine oxide terminal groups with the purpose of investigation of the ionophoric properties of the podands and their use as components of ion-selective electrodes are analyzed. The most convenient procedure is a one-pot synthesis based on the Kabachnik-Fields reaction in a system comprising a dialkyl(aryl)phosphinous acid, formaldehyde, and a diamine. An alternative procedure is two-stage and involves the reaction of a primary amine with a phosphinous acid and formaldehyde to form an α-aminomethyldialkyl(aryl)phosphine oxide in the first stage and cross-linking of two molecules of this compound via reaction with a dihalooligoether of the corresponding length in the second. Advantages and disadvantages of both procedures are considered. Electrode-active properties of the prepared aza podands are studied to show that ion-selective electrodes on their basis can be used for selective determination of low concentrations of alkali and alkaline-earth metal ions.
本文分析了设计具有α-
氨甲基氧化膦末端基团的荚状体的方法,目的是研究荚状体的离子电势特性及其作为离子选择电极成分的用途。最简便的方法是在由二烷基(芳基)
膦酸、
甲醛和二胺组成的体系中,根据卡巴奇尼克-
菲尔兹反应进行单锅合成。另一种方法分为两个阶段,第一阶段是
伯胺与
膦酸和
甲醛反应生成 α-
氨甲基二烷基(芳基)氧化膦,第二阶段是该化合物的两个分子与相应长度的二卤代
乙醚反应发生交联。这两种工艺的优缺点都得到了考虑。对所制备的氮杂荚膜的电极活性特性进行了研究,结果表明在其基础上制备的离子选择性电极可用于选择性测定低浓度的碱
金属和碱土
金属离子。