Synthesis, Antileishmanial Activity and Molecular Docking Study of New 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinones/Thiones
作者:Behnam Mohammadi-Ghalehbin、Saghi Sepehri、Negin Nejatkhah、Sahand Safari、Zahra Hosseinali、Sahar Sabour、Nima Razzaghi-Asl
DOI:10.1007/s11094-021-02536-4
日期:2022.1
Appearance of drug-unresponsive strains of Leishmania genus and toxic side effects of current chemotherapies necessitate the search for novel antileishmanial agents. Within present contribution, new dihydropyrimidine/thione-5-carboxylates/carboxamide derivatives were synthesized and biologically assessed against Leishmania major promastigotes. A few derivatives exhibited promising antileishmanial activities (IC50s 24.7 – 2223.9 μM). Results of biological assessment revealed compound 4 as the most potent antileishmanial agent. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 8 and 9 exhibited significant activity with regard to Glucantime (control drug). For both 5-carboxamide and 5-carboxylate series, it was found that steric hindrance of 4-(3-substituted phenyl) position was determinant in antileishmanial effect proposing a hydrophobic pocket near meta position of 4-phenyl moiety. Molecular docking approach vs. pteridine reductase 1 as a validated leishmanial target revealed that 5-carboxylate derivatives made H-bond with enzyme cofactor, i.e., nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NDP602). Interaction pattern was relatively similar to previously reported drugs such as trimethoprim. Binding efficiency indices (BEIs) were in accordance with antileishmanial IC50 values.
由于利什曼属出现了对药物无反应的菌株,而目前的化疗又存在毒副作用,因此有必要寻找新型抗利什曼病药物。本研究合成了新的二氢嘧啶/硫酮-5-羧酸盐/甲酰胺衍生物,并对其进行了抗利什曼原虫的生物评估。一些衍生物表现出了良好的抗利什曼病活性(IC50s 24.7 - 2223.9 μM)。生物学评估结果表明,化合物 4 是最有效的抗利什曼病剂。与 Glucantime(对照药物)相比,化合物 1、3、4、8 和 9 具有显著的活性。对于 5-甲酰胺和 5-羧酸盐系列,研究发现 4-(3-取代苯基)位置的立体阻碍是抗利什曼病作用的决定因素,它在 4-苯基分子的元位置附近形成了一个疏水口袋。分子对接方法将蝶啶还原酶 1 作为有效的利什曼病原体靶标,结果表明 5-羧酸盐衍生物与酶的辅助因子(即烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸酯(NDP602))产生了 H 键作用。其相互作用模式与之前报道的药物(如三甲氧苄啶)较为相似。结合效率指数(BEIs)与抗利什曼病的 IC50 值一致。