A large-scale synthesis of the bioreductive drug 1,4-bis{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-5,8-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione bis-N-oxide (AQ4N)
作者:Ho H. Lee、William A. Denny
DOI:10.1039/a905611d
日期:——
A large-scale synthesis of the bis-bioreductive drug 1,4-bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino}-5,8-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione bis-N-oxide (AQ4N) has been developed. This six-step synthesis provides AQ4N in 20% overall yield from readily available tetrachlorophthalic anhydride. The key step was a KF–NaF-mediated conversion of 3,6-dichlorophthalic anhydride to 3,6-difluorophthalic anhydride, which could be achieved in 77% yield on a 100 g scale. A trace impurity in AQ4N was determined (by LC-MS and independent synthesis) to be the mono-N-oxide 1-amino-4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino-5,8-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione N-oxide. This is formed spontaneously from AQ4N under a number of conditions, including during HPLC on reversed-phase columns.
我们开发了一种大规模合成双生物还原药物 1,4-双[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基]氨基}-5,8-二羟基蒽-9,10-二酮双-N-氧化物(AQ4N)的方法。这种六步合成法能以容易获得的四氯邻苯二甲酸酐为原料合成 AQ4N,总收率为 20%。关键步骤是在 KF-NaF 介导下将 3,6-二氯邻苯二甲酸酐转化为 3,6-二氟邻苯二甲酸酐,在 100 克的规模上产率为 77%。通过 LC-MS 和独立合成)确定 AQ4N 中的痕量杂质为 1-氨基-4-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基]氨基-5,8-二羟基蒽-9,10-二酮 N-氧化物。在多种条件下,包括在反相色谱柱上进行高效液相色谱分析时,AQ4N 会自发形成这种氧化物。