Nickel/Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Carbocyanation of Alkynes Using Acetonitrile and Substituted Acetonitriles
作者:Akira Yada、Tomoya Yukawa、Hiroaki Idei、Yoshiaki Nakao、Tamejiro Hiyama
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.20100023
日期:2010.6.15
Nickel/Lewis acid dual catalysis is found to effect the carbocyanation reaction of alkynes using acetonitrile and substituted acetonitriles to give a range of variously substituted acrylonitriles. The addition of propionitrile across alkynes is also demonstrated briefly to give the corresponding ethylcyanation products in good yields, whereas the reaction of butyronitrile gives significant amounts of hydrocyanation products due possibly to β-hydride elimination of a propylnickel intermediate. The reaction of optically active α-phenylpropionitrile suggests a reaction mechanism that involves oxidative addition of a C–CN bond with retention of its absolute configuration.
镍/路易斯酸双催化体系被发现能够有效地促进乙腈和取代乙腈与炔烃的碳氰化反应,生成一系列不同取代的丙烯腈。简要展示的丙腈与炔烃的加成反应也能高效地得到相应的乙基氰化产物,而丁腈参与的反应则因可能的丙基镍中间体β-氢消除作用而得到显著量的氢氰化产物。光学活性α-苯基丙腈的反应表明其反应机制涉及C–CN键的氧化加成,并保留其绝对构型。