The Preparation of New Phosphorus-Centered Functional Groups for Modified Oligonucleotides and Other Natural Phosphates
作者:A. Gautier、C. Lopin、G. Garipova、O. Dubert、I. Kalinina、C. Salcedo、S. Balieu、S. Glatigny、J. Valnot、G. Gouhier、S. Piettre
DOI:10.3390/10091048
日期:——
Efforts to develop synthetic methodologies allowing the preparation of α,α– difluorophosphonothioates, α,α–difluorophosphonodithioates, α,α–difluorophosphono- trithioates, and α,α–difluorophosphinates are reviewed in the light of applications in the field of modified oligonucleotides and cyclitol phosphates. Two successful approaches have been developed, based either on the addition of phosphorus-centered radicals onto gem–difluoroalkenes or on a process involving the addition of lithiodifluorophosphono- thioates 91 onto a ketone and the subsequent deoxygenation reaction of the adduct. The radical route successfully developed a practical route to α,α–difluoro–H–phosphinates which proved to be useful intermediates to a variety of phosphate isosters. The ionic route led to the first preparation of phosphonodifluoromethyl analogues of nucleoside– 3’–phosphates.
根据在修饰寡核苷酸和环磷酸盐领域的应用,对开发合成方法以制备α,α-二氟硫代膦酸酯、α,α-二氟二硫代膦酸酯、α,α-二氟三硫代膦酸酯和α,α-二氟膦酸酯的工作进行了回顾。基于将磷中心自由基添加到gem-二氟烯烃上或通过将lithiodifluorophosphono-thioates 91添加到酮上并随后进行加合物脱氧反应的过程,已经开发出两种成功的方法。自由基路线成功开发了一种实用的α,α-二氟-H-膦酸酯制备方法,该方法被证明是多种磷酸酯同分异构体的有用中间体。离子路线首次制备了核苷-3'-磷酸酯的膦二氟甲基类似物。