Structure-Based Design of β-Lactamase Inhibitors. 1. Synthesis and Evaluation of Bridged Monobactams
作者:Ingrid Heinze-Krauss、Peter Angehrn、Robert L. Charnas、Klaus Gubernator、Eva-Maria Gutknecht、Christian Hubschwerlen、Malgosia Kania、Christian Oefner、Malcolm G. P. Page、Satoshi Sogabe、Jean-Luc Specklin、Fritz Winkler
DOI:10.1021/jm980023c
日期:1998.10.1
Bridged monobactams are novel, potent, mechanism-based inhibitors of class C beta-lactamases, designed using X-ray crystal structures of the enzymes. They stabilize the acyl-enzyme intermediate by blocking access of water to the enzyme-inhibitor ester bond. Bridged monobactams are selective class C beta-lactamase inhibitors, with half-inhibition constants as low as 10 nM, and are less effective against class A and class B enzymes (half-inhibition constants > 100 mu M) because of the different hydrolysis mechanisms in these classes of beta-lactamases. The stability of the acyl-enzyme complexes formed with class C beta-lactamases (half-lives up to 2 days were observed) enabled determination of their crystal structures. The conformation of the inhibitor moiety was close to that predicted by molecular modeling, confirming a simple reaction mechanism, unlike those of known beta-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid and penam sulfones, which involve secondary rearrangements. Synergy between the bridged monobactams and beta-lactamase-labile antibiotics could be observed when such combinations were tested against strains of Enterobacteriaceae that produce large amounts of class C beta-lactamases. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the antibiotic of more than 64 mg/L could be decreased to 0.25 mg/L in a 1:4 combination with the inhibitor.