Abstract In this work sixteen hydroxyl ammonium Protic Ionic Liquids derived from a proton transfer reaction between four different substituted amines and four different lowmolecularweightaliphatic and alicyclic carboxylic acids have been synthesized. The synthesized PILs were structurally characterized by NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy whereas two of their more important physicochemical properties
摘要 在这项工作中,合成了 16 种羟基铵质子离子液体,这些质子离子液体源自四种不同的取代胺和四种不同的低分子量脂肪族和脂环族羧酸之间的质子转移反应。合成的 PIL 通过 NMR 和 FT-IR 光谱进行结构表征,同时评估了它们的两个更重要的物理化学性质,即粘度和玻璃化转变温度 (T g )。讨论了烷基链长度和取代对 PILs 支架的阴离子和阳离子组分的影响,以研究其性质。似乎 T g 值主要受羧酸根阴离子结构的影响,而粘度主要受 PIL 的阳离子部分的结构特征控制。为了估计它们的环境影响并加强它们的“绿色”特性,还进行了生物降解研究以及毒性评估实验。合成的 PILs 可以自信地标记为绿色,因为它们对盐水虾 A. salina 的无节幼体无毒或毒性低,而根据测量生物的压力呼吸测量法,它们显示出 41-64% 的生物降解性水平。微生物的需氧量 (BOD 5 ),以便在五天内通过生物氧化降解 PIL。
METHODS AND CATALYST SYSTEMS FOR CARBON DIOXIDE CONVERSION
申请人:Lin Hongfei
公开号:US20160137573A1
公开(公告)日:2016-05-19
Disclosed herein are embodiments of a heterogeneous catalyst system and methods of using the same to convert CO
2
-derived compounds to formate, formic acid, or a mixture thereof. The disclosed heterogeneous catalyst systems exhibit superior reactivity and stability in comparison to homogeneous catalyst systems and also can convert a variety of CO
2
-derived compounds to formate, formic acid, or mixtures thereof, in high yields using economical and environmentally friendly reaction conditions.
Preparation of protic ionic liquids with minimal water content and 15N NMR study of proton transfer
作者:Geoffrey L. Burrell、Iko M. Burgar、Frances Separovic、Noel F. Dunlop
DOI:10.1039/b921432a
日期:——
Low-molecular-weight Brønsted acids and amine bases were used to reproducibly prepare very dry, high-purity room-temperature protic ionic liquids (PILs). A series of eight amine bases and six Brønsted acids were combined to produce 48 mixtures, of which 18 were liquid at room temperature. The phase transitions and thermal decomposition temperatures were determined for each mixture; whereas viscosity, density and conductivity were determined for the room-temperature liquids. By utilising 15N NMR it was possible to distinguish between neutral and ionised amine bases (ammonia vs. ammonium-type ion), which indicated that the protic ionic liquids were completely ionised when made as a stoichiometric mixture. However, a Walden plot comparison of fluidity and molar conductivity indicated the majority of PILs had much lower conductivity than predicted by viscosity unless the base contained excess proton-donating groups. This disparity is indicative of protic ionic molecules forming neutral aggregates or non-Newtonian fluid hydrogen-bonded networks with a secondary Grotthuss proton-hopping mechanism arising from polyprotic bases.
Hydroxyl ammonium ionic liquids as media for biocatalytic oxidations
作者:Athena A. Papadopoulou、Andromachi Tzani、Dimitrios Alivertis、Maria H. Katsoura、Angeliki C. Polydera、Anastasia Detsi、Haralambos Stamatis
DOI:10.1039/c5gc02381e
日期:——
Hydroxyl ammonium ionic liquids are a biodegradable, non-toxic family of third generation ionic liquids with a beneficial effect on the catalytic efficiency of metalloproteins such as cytochrome c.
An integrated process of CO<sub>2</sub>capture and in situ hydrogenation to formate using a tunable ethoxyl-functionalized amidine and Rh/bisphosphine system
An integrated process of CO2 capture and in situ hydrogenation into formate was achieved in 95–99% yield using a tunable ethoxyl-functionalized amidine and Rh/bisphosphine system, being regarded as an alternative carbon capture and utilization approach to supply fuel-related products, to circumvent the energy penalty in carbon capture and storage. CO2 was captured by non-volatile amidine derivatives with simultaneous activation to form zwitterionic amidinium carbonate, and subsequent hydrogenation was facilitated by Rh/bisphosphine. The adsorption capacity and hydrogenation efficiency can be optimized by tuning the ethoxyl side chain. Particularly, the alkanolamidine bearing an intramolecular hydrogen donor derived from 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene (DBU) gave both a high CO2 uptake (molar ratio of 0.95 : 1) and excellent hydrogenation yield (99%). Furthermore, the silica-supported alkanolamidine was readily recovered and reused with the retention of good performance. This kind of carbon capture and utilization pathway could be a potential energy-saving option for industrial upgrading of CO2 from waste to fuel-related products in a carbon neutral manner.