Two new prenylated C6–C3 compounds, illicinin A (1) and (4S)-illicinone I (2), were isolated from the flowers of Illiciumanisatum. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The absolute structure of (4S)-illicinone I was determined by comparing its CD spectrum and specific rotation with those of (4S)-illicinone A (4). Illicinin A (1) and 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxy-3