Highly sensitive monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays for boscalid analysis in strawberries
摘要:
Boscalid is an agrochemical recently developed for crop protection and the most significant member of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor group of fungicides. In this study, a collection of high-affinity monoclonal antibodies was generated to boscalid. By using a series of haptens with a linker at alternative tethering sites of the boscalid framework, specific antibodies were isolated as well as antibodies that also recognized the main boscalid metabolite. Two immunoassays were developed using different ELISA formats. Optimized assays displayed very high sensitivities (limits of detection were near 0.01 mu g/L). Trueness and precision for the determination of the target analyte in strawberry samples was evaluated. Moreover, immunoassay performance was validated with a reference chromatographic method using QuEChERS extracts of fruits from fungicide-treated crops. A monitoring study with strawberry samples from local markets was carried out by immunoassay, showing an occurrence of boscalid of 15% with a maximum residue concentration of 43 mu g/kg. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Site‐Selective C−H Oxygenation via Aryl Sulfonium Salts
作者:Ruocheng Sang、Stamatis E. Korkis、Wanqi Su、Fei Ye、Pascal S. Engl、Florian Berger、Tobias Ritter
DOI:10.1002/anie.201908718
日期:2019.11.4
Herein, we report a two-step process forming arene C-O bonds in excellent site-selectivity at a late-stage. The C-O bond formation is achieved by selective introduction of a thianthrenium group, which is then converted into C-O bonds using photoredox chemistry. Electron-rich, -poor and -neutral arenes as well as complex drug-like small molecules are successfully transformed into both phenols and various
在此,我们报告了一种在后期以优异的位点选择性形成芳烃CO键的两步过程。CO 键的形成是通过选择性引入铊基团来实现的,然后使用光氧化还原化学将其转化为 CO 键。富电子、贫电子和中性芳烃以及复杂的类药物小分子被成功转化为酚类和各种醚类。该序列在概念上不同于所有先前的芳烃氧化反应,因为氧官能团可以在后期选择性地结合到复杂的小分子中,这尚未通过芳基卤化物显示出来。