Discovery of a Novel Oral Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator (AZD9567) with Improved Side Effect Profile
摘要:
Synthetic glucocorticoids (GC) are essential for the treatment of a broad range of inflammatory diseases. However, their use is limited by target related adverse effects on, e.g., glucose homeostasis and bone metabolism. Starting from a nonsteroidal GR ligand (4) that is a full agonist in reporter gene assays, we exploited key functional triggers within the receptor, generating a range of structurally diverse partial agonists. Of these, only a narrow subset exhibited full anti-inflammatory efficacy and a significantly reduced impact on adverse effect markers in human cell assays compared to prednisolone. This led to the discovery of AZD9567 (15) with excellent in vivo efficacy when dosed orally in a rat model of joint inflammation. Compound 15 is currently being evaluated in clinical trials comparing the efficacy and side effect markers with those of prednisolone.
Discovery of a Novel Oral Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator (AZD9567) with Improved Side Effect Profile
摘要:
Synthetic glucocorticoids (GC) are essential for the treatment of a broad range of inflammatory diseases. However, their use is limited by target related adverse effects on, e.g., glucose homeostasis and bone metabolism. Starting from a nonsteroidal GR ligand (4) that is a full agonist in reporter gene assays, we exploited key functional triggers within the receptor, generating a range of structurally diverse partial agonists. Of these, only a narrow subset exhibited full anti-inflammatory efficacy and a significantly reduced impact on adverse effect markers in human cell assays compared to prednisolone. This led to the discovery of AZD9567 (15) with excellent in vivo efficacy when dosed orally in a rat model of joint inflammation. Compound 15 is currently being evaluated in clinical trials comparing the efficacy and side effect markers with those of prednisolone.
A Copper‐Catalyzed, pH‐Neutral Construction of High‐Enantiopurity Peptidyl Ketones from Peptidic
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‐Acylthiosalicylamides in Air at Room Temperature
作者:Lanny S. Liebeskind、Hao Yang、Hao Li
DOI:10.1002/anie.200804524
日期:2009.2.9
A copper‐catalyzed transformation of peptidic thiol esters and boronic acids gives peptidylketones and takes place in DMF or DMF/H2O at roomtemperature in air (see scheme). This aerobic reaction only occurs at a thiol ester group capable of coordinating to Cu through its appendage on the sulfur center and is not hampered by racemization of the reactants or products.
肽硫羟酸酯和硼酸的铜催化转化产生肽基酮,并在室温空气中的 DMF 或 DMF/H 2 O 中发生(参见方案)。这种需氧反应仅发生在能够通过硫中心上的附属物与Cu配位的硫羟酸酯基团处,并且不受反应物或产物的外消旋作用的阻碍。