A Simple and Economical Method for the Production of 13C,18O-Labeled Fmoc-Amino Acids with High Levels of Enrichment: Applications to Isotope-Edited IR Studies of Proteins
摘要:
Isotope-edited IR of proteins has generated considerable interest. Double labeling with C-13 and O-18 with high levels of isotopic enrichment is required for residue-specific resolution. Current methods for the preparation of doubly labeled amino acids give modest O-18 enrichment, limiting the utility of the approach. We report a simple and economical method for preparing C-13,O-18-doubly labeled N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-amino acids with high levels of enrichment for residues that do not require acid-labile side-chain protecting groups.
IR Study of Cross-Strand Coupling in a β-Hairpin Peptide Using Isotopic Labels
摘要:
Model beta-hairpin peptides can be used to develop understanding of fundamental elements of beta-sheet secondary structure formation and stability. We have studied two 13C-labeled variants of a beta-hairpin peptide modified from a design originally proposed by Gellman: Arg-Tyr-Val-Glu-Val-Aib-Gly-Lys-Lys-Ile-Leu-Gln. (In this peptide, the two italicized residues form a beta-turn, while 13C-labels are on the amide C=O of Val3, Lys8 in HBG-L and Val3, Ile10 in HBG-S.) Both these peptides are labeled on opposite strands of the hairpin, but differ in the labeling pattern. One (HBG-L) forms a large (14-atom) H-bonded ring of labeled C=Os, while the other (HBG-S) forms a small (10-atom) H-bonded ring. These impact the amide I infrared spectra, with HBG-L having a 13C frequency and intensity higher than that of HBG-S, in good agreement with our spectral simulations based on quantum mechanically derived force fields. The thermal behavior of both peptides yields a broad thermal transition and lacks an isosbestic point. The 13C band for HBG-L has the largest intensity change with temperature, distinct from the 12C change and the HBG-S 13C change.
Cross-Strand Coupling of a β-Hairpin Peptide Stabilized with an Aib-Gly Turn Studied Using Isotope-Edited IR Spectroscopy
作者:Rong Huang、Vladimir Setnička、Marcus A. Etienne、Joohyun Kim、Jan Kubelka、Robert P. Hammer、Timothy A. Keiderling
DOI:10.1021/ja0736414
日期:2007.11.1
Isotope-edited IR spectroscopy was used to study a series of singly and doubly C-13=O-labeled beta-hairpin peptides stabilized by an Aib-Gly turn sequence. The double-labeled peptides have amide I' IR spectra that show different degrees of vibrational coupling between the C-13-labeled amides due to variations in the local geometry of the peptide structure. The single-labeled peptides provide controls to determine frequencies characteristic of the diagonal force field (FF) contributions at each position for the uncoupled C-13=O modes. Separation of diagonal FF and coupling effects on the spectra are used to explain the cross-strand labeled spectral patterns. DFT calculations based on an idealized model beta-hairpin peptide correctly predict the vibrational coupling patterns. Extending these model results by consideration of frayed ends and the hairpin conformational flexibility yields an alternate interpretation of details of the spectra. Temperature-dependent isotopically labeled IR spectra reveal differences in the thermal stabilities of the individual isotopically labeled sites. This is the first example of using an IR-based isotopic labeling technique to differentiate structural transitions at specific sites along the peptide backbone in model beta-hairpin peptides.