Copper-Catalyzed Electrophilic Amination of Heteroarenes and Arenes by CH Zincation
作者:Stacey L. McDonald、Charles E. Hendrick、Qiu Wang
DOI:10.1002/anie.201311029
日期:2014.4.25
Direct amination of heteroarenes and arenes has been achieved in a one‐pot CH zincation/copper‐catalyzed electrophilic amination procedure. This amination method provides an efficient and rapid approach to access a diverse range of heteroaromatic and aromatic amines including those previously inaccessible using CH amination methods. The mild reaction conditions and good functional‐group compatibility
杂芳烃和芳烃的直接胺化已经在一锅C - H锌化/铜催化的亲电胺化过程中实现。这种胺化方法提供了一种高效、快速的方法来获得各种杂芳胺和芳香胺,包括以前使用 C - H 胺化方法无法获得的胺。温和的反应条件和良好的官能团相容性证明了其在合成重要且复杂的胺类方面的巨大潜力。
Metal-Free Synthesis of Heteroaryl Amines or Their Hydrochlorides via an External-Base-Free and Solvent-Free C–N Coupling Protocol
Herein, a metal-free and solvent-free protocol was developed for the C–N coupling of heteroaryl halides and amines, which afforded numerous heteroaryl amines or their hydrochlorides without any external base. Further investigations elucidated that the basicity of amines and specific interactions derived from the X-ray crystallography analysis of 3j′·HCl played pivotal roles in the reactions. Moreover
在此,开发了一种无金属和无溶剂的方案,用于杂芳基卤化物和胺的 C-N 偶联,在没有任何外部碱的情况下提供了许多杂芳基胺或其盐酸盐。进一步的研究表明,胺的碱性和源自3j'·HCl的 X 射线晶体学分析的特定相互作用在反应中起关键作用。此外,该协议可扩展到克级并适用于药物分子,这证明了其进一步应用的实用价值。
Scope and Mechanism of Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Five-Membered Heterocyclic Halides
作者:Mark W. Hooper、Masaru Utsunomiya、John F. Hartwig
DOI:10.1021/jo0266339
日期:2003.4.1
Detailed studies have been conducted to determine the activity of palladium catalysts for the amination of five-membered heterocyclic halides and to determine the factors that control the scope of this reaction. Palladium-catalyzed aminations of the electron-rich furanyl, thiophenyl, and indolyl halides and of the related 2-halogenated thiazoles, benzimidazole, and benzoxazole have been shown to occur
Direct amination of azoles using CuCl2 complexes of amines under mild conditions
作者:Juan Xu、Jiarong Li、Zhen Wei、Qi Zhang、Daxin Shi
DOI:10.1039/c3ra41496e
日期:——
The efficient direct amination of azoles, including benzoxazole, benzothiazole and 1-methylbenzimidazole, was accomplished in moderate to good yields using CuCl2 complexes of amines as a readily available and effective nitrogen source. The coupling reactions were performed under mild conditions: at 30–50 °C within 3–6 h, in air without oxidant, additive, ligand and anhydrous conditions.
Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Sulfides with Aliphatic Amines
作者:Ke Gao、Hideki Yorimitsu、Atsuhiro Osuka
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201500226
日期:2015.4
Conditions for the palladium–NHC-catalyzed amination of arylsulfides with aliphatic as well as aromatic amines were established. The KHMDS-mediated amination of heteroaryl sulfides could proceed without palladium. Based on the distinct difference in reactivity of C–Br and C–S bonds, a sequential amination of bromothioanisole can take place to install two different alkylamino groups onto the aromatic