Process for the hydroformylation of an optionally substituted ethylenically unsaturated compound by reaction thereof with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a specific catalyst system. The specific catalyst system comprises: (a) a source of group VIII metal cations; (b) a diphosphine ligand having the general formula I
X
1
—R—X
2
(I)
wherein X
1
and X
2
each independently represent an optionally substituted cyclic group with at least 5 ring atoms, of which one is a phosphorus atom, and R represents a bivalent optionally substituted bridging group, connected to each phosphorus atom by a sp2 hybridized carbon atom;
(c) an acid having a pKa<3, measured in an aqueous solution at 18° C. or a salt derived thereof; and (d) a source of halide anions. Furthermore some specific bidentate diphosphines used in this process are described.
一种通过在特定催化剂系统存在下,将一种可选择取代
乙烯基不饱和化合物与
一氧化碳和
氢气反应的
水合甲酰化过程。该特定催化剂系统包括:(a)一种八号族
金属阳离子源;(b)一种具有通式IX1-R-X2(I)的二
膦配体,其中X1和X2分别独立地表示至少有5个环原子的可选择取代的环状基团,其中一个为
磷原子,而R代表一个双价可选择取代的桥接基团,由一个sp2杂化碳原子连接到每个
磷原子;(c)酸,其在18℃的
水溶液中测得的pKa<3,或其衍生盐;以及(d)卤素阴离子源。此外,还描述了在该过程中使用的一些特定的双
膦配体。