4-(3-氯丙基)苯甲酸乙酯 | 86911-10-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 中文名称: 4-(3-氯丙基)苯甲酸乙酯
• 英文名称: ethyl 4-(3-chloropropyl)benzoate
• CAS: 86911-10-6
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₅ClO₂
• 分子量: 226.703
• InChiKey: FJPSLYUVUOMQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.9
• 重原子数：
  15
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.42
• 拓扑面积：
  26.3
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  4-(3-氯丙基)苯甲酸乙酯 在 potassium carbonate 作用下， 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 0.5h， 生成 4-[3-[7-Amino-4-(furan-2-yl)-3,5,6,8,10,11-hexazatricyclo[7.3.0.02,6]dodeca-1(9),2,4,7,11-pentaen-10-yl]propyl]benzoic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  7-Substituted 5-Amino-2-(2-furyl)pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines as A_2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonists:  A Study on the Importance of Modifications at the Side Chain on the Activity and Solubility

  摘要：

  It was demonstrated in the early 1990s that adenosine exerts many physiological functions through the interaction with four different receptors, named A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3). In the past few years, our group has been involved in the development of A(2A) antagonists, which led to the synthesis of SCH 58261 (1), the first potent and selective adenosine A(2A) antagonist, which has been widely used as a reference compound. In this paper, we present an extended series of pyrazolotriazolopyrimidines synthesized with the aim to investigate the influence of the substitutions on the pyrazole ring. The choice of the substituents was based on their capability to improve water solubility while retaining high affinity and selectivity at the human A(2A) adenosine receptor subtype. In this series, some structural characteristics that are important for activity, i.e., tricyclic structure, free amino group at 5-position, furan ring, and substituent at 7-position on the pyrazole moiety, have been maintained. We focused our attention on the nature of the phenyl ring substituent to improve water solubility. Following this strategy, we developed new compounds with good affinity and selectivity for A(2A) adenosine receptors, such as 8d (K-i 0.12 nM; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 1025; R-m = 2.8), 8h (K-i 0.22; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 9818; R-m = 3.4), 8i (K-i 0.18 nM; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 994; R-m = 2.8), 8k (K-i 0.13 nM; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 4430; R-m = 3.6), and 14b (K-i 0.19 nM; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 2273; R-m = 2.7). All the new synthesized compounds have no significant interaction with either-A(2B) or A(3) receptor subtypes. This new series of compounds deeply enlightens some structural requirements to display high affinity and selectivity for the A(2A) adenosine receptor subtype, although our goal of identifying new compounds with increased water solubility was not completely achieved. On this basis, other strategies will be devised to improve this class of compounds with a profile that appears to be promising for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm010924c
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  4-(3-羟基丙基)苯甲腈 在 吡啶 、 氯化亚砜 、 硫酸 作用下， 以 苯 为溶剂， 反应 26.0h， 生成 4-(3-氯丙基)苯甲酸乙酯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  7-Substituted 5-Amino-2-(2-furyl)pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines as A_2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonists:  A Study on the Importance of Modifications at the Side Chain on the Activity and Solubility

  摘要：

  It was demonstrated in the early 1990s that adenosine exerts many physiological functions through the interaction with four different receptors, named A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3). In the past few years, our group has been involved in the development of A(2A) antagonists, which led to the synthesis of SCH 58261 (1), the first potent and selective adenosine A(2A) antagonist, which has been widely used as a reference compound. In this paper, we present an extended series of pyrazolotriazolopyrimidines synthesized with the aim to investigate the influence of the substitutions on the pyrazole ring. The choice of the substituents was based on their capability to improve water solubility while retaining high affinity and selectivity at the human A(2A) adenosine receptor subtype. In this series, some structural characteristics that are important for activity, i.e., tricyclic structure, free amino group at 5-position, furan ring, and substituent at 7-position on the pyrazole moiety, have been maintained. We focused our attention on the nature of the phenyl ring substituent to improve water solubility. Following this strategy, we developed new compounds with good affinity and selectivity for A(2A) adenosine receptors, such as 8d (K-i 0.12 nM; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 1025; R-m = 2.8), 8h (K-i 0.22; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 9818; R-m = 3.4), 8i (K-i 0.18 nM; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 994; R-m = 2.8), 8k (K-i 0.13 nM; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 4430; R-m = 3.6), and 14b (K-i 0.19 nM; hA(1)/hA(2A) ratio = 2273; R-m = 2.7). All the new synthesized compounds have no significant interaction with either-A(2B) or A(3) receptor subtypes. This new series of compounds deeply enlightens some structural requirements to display high affinity and selectivity for the A(2A) adenosine receptor subtype, although our goal of identifying new compounds with increased water solubility was not completely achieved. On this basis, other strategies will be devised to improve this class of compounds with a profile that appears to be promising for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm010924c

文献信息

• General C(sp²)–C(sp³) Cross-Electrophile Coupling Reactions Enabled by Overcharge Protection of Homogeneous Electrocatalysts
  作者：Blaise L. Truesdell、Taylor B. Hamby、Christo S. Sevov

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.0c01475

  日期：2020.3.25

  development of an electrochemical methodology for XEC that utilizes redox-active shuttles developed by the energy-storage community to protect reactive coupling catalysts from overreduction. The resulting electrocatalytic system is practical, scalable, and broadly applicable to the reductive coupling of a wide range of aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl bromides with primary or secondary alkyl bromides. The impact

  由电化学促进的烷基和芳基卤化物的交叉亲电偶联 (XEC) 代表了需要化学计量数量的高能还原剂的传统方法的有吸引力的替代方法。最重要的是，电还原可以很容易地超过化学还原剂的还原电位，从而以改进的反应性和选择性激活催化剂，否则这些催化剂与传统还原剂不相容。这项工作详细介绍了 XEC 电化学方法的机械驱动开发，该方法利用储能社区开发的氧化还原活性穿梭机来保护反应偶联催化剂免于过度还原。所得电催化体系实用、可扩展，并广泛适用于各种芳基、杂芳基、或乙烯基溴与伯或仲烷基溴。过充电保护作为电合成方法策略的影响通过添加氧化还原梭（通常>80%）和没有添加氧化还原梭（通常<20%）的偶联反应产率的巨大差异得到强调。除了对广泛的底物具有出色的产率外，还可以在高电流和数克规模下进行防止过度还原的反应。
• Cross‐Electrophile Coupling of Vinyl Halides with Alkyl Halides
  作者：Keywan A. Johnson、Soumik Biswas、Daniel J. Weix

  DOI：10.1002/chem.201601320

  日期：2016.5.23

  An improved method for the reductive coupling of aryl and vinyl bromides with alkyl halides that gave high yields for a variety of substrates at room temperature with a low (2.5 to 0.5 mol %) catalyst loading is presented. Under the optimized conditions, difficult substrates, such as unhindered alkenyl bromides, can be coupled to give the desired olefins with minimal diene formation and good stereoretention

  提出了一种用于芳基和乙烯基溴与烷基卤的还原偶联的改进方法，该方法在室温下以较低的催化剂负载量（2.5至0.5 mol％）为多种底物提供了高收率。在优化的条件下，可以将难处理的底物（例如未受阻的烯基溴化物）偶联，以形成所需的烯烃，同时减少二烯的形成并保持良好的立体保留性。这些改进的条件对于芳基溴化物也很有效。例如，证实了克级反应的催化剂负载量为0.5 mol％，而催化剂负载量为10 mol％时，反应仅需20分钟即可完成。最后，介绍了一种低成本的单组分预催化剂（bpy）NiI 2（bpy = 2,2'-联吡啶），其在几个月内对空气和水分均稳定。
• Ni-Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling of Nonactivated Alkyl Halides: Orthogonal Functionalization of Alkyl Iodides, Bromides, and Chlorides
  作者：Oleg Vechorkin、Delphine Barmaz、Valérie Proust、Xile Hu

  DOI：10.1021/ja906040t

  日期：2009.9.2

  Ni-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling of nonactivated, beta-H-containing alkyl halides, including chlorides, is reported. The coupling is tolerant to a wide range of functional groups, including ether, ester, amide, nitrile, keto, heterocycle, acetal, and aryl halide, in both coupling partners. The coupling can be selective for a specific C-X bond (X = I, Br, Cl) and allows for orthogonal functionalization

  据报道，Ni 催化的 Sonogashira 偶联未活化的、含 β-H 的烷基卤化物，包括氯化物。偶联可以耐受多种官能团，包括醚、酯、酰胺、腈、酮、杂环、乙缩醛和芳基卤化物，在两种偶联伙伴中。偶联可以对特定的 CX 键 (X = I, Br, Cl) 具有选择性，并允许具有多个反应位点的卤代烷正交官能化。
• 1,3-Disubstituted imidazoles
  申请人：Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

  公开号：US04469865A1

  公开（公告）日：1984-09-04

  1,3-Disubstituted imidazoles of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A and B may be the same or different, and each is a straight- or branched-chain alkylene or alkenylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, Y is an acyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms or an dialkoxymethyl group having 3 to 13 carbon atoms, Z is a cyano group or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, X is a halogen atom, n is zero or 1. The said compounds are intermediates for producing the imidazole derivatives of the general formula (V) above which possess strong and specific inhibitory effects on thromboxane synthetase and thus are useful as therapeutical agents for treatment of diseases caused by thromboxane A.sub.2.

  通用公式(I)的1,3-二取代咪唑化合物如下：其中A和B可以相同也可以不同，每个都是具有1至8个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或烯基基团，Y是具有2至10个碳原子的酰基基团，具有2至7个碳原子的烷氧羰基基团或具有3至13个碳原子的二烷氧甲基基团，Z是氰基或具有2至7个碳原子的烷氧羰基基团，X是卤素原子，n为零或1。所述化合物是制备通用公式(V)的咪唑衍生物的中间体，这些咪唑衍生物对血栓素合成酶具有强烈和特异的抑制作用，因此可用作治疗由血栓素A.sub.2引起的疾病的治疗剂。
• 1,3-Disubstituted imidazoles and a process for their production
  申请人：Kissei Pharmaceutical Co Ltd

  公开号：EP0076140A2

  公开（公告）日：1983-04-06

  1,3-Disubstituted imidazoles of the general formula (I): wherein A and B may be the same or different, and each is a straight or branched chain alkylene or alkenylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, Y is an acyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms or an dialkoxymethyl group having 3 to 13 carbon atoms, Z is a cyano group or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, X is a halogen atom, n is zero or 1. The said compounds are intermediates for producing the imidazole derivatives of the general formula (V) above which possess strong and specific inhibitory effects on thromboxane synthetase and thus are useful as therapeutical agents for treatment of diseases caused by thromboxane A2.

  通式(I)的 1,3-二取代咪唑： 其中 A 和 B 可以相同或不同，且各自为具有 1 至 8 个碳原子的直链或支链亚烷基或烯基，Y 为具有 2 至 10 个碳原子的酰基、具有 2 至 7 个碳原子的烷氧羰基或具有 3 至 13 个碳原子的二烷氧基甲基，Z 为氰基或具有 2 至 7 个碳原子的烷氧羰基，X 为卤素原子，n 为 0 或 1。上述化合物是生产上述通式（V）咪唑衍生物的中间体，对血栓素合成酶具有强烈的特异性抑制作用，因此可作为治疗剂用于治疗由血栓素 A2 引起的疾病。