(1S,14R,18S,20S,23S,28S,31S,34R)-18-hydroxy-34-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-28-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-23,31-dimethyl-12-thia-10,16,22,25,27,30,33,36-octazapentacyclo[12.11.11.03,11.04,9.016,20]hexatriaconta-3(11),4,6,8-tetraene-15,21,24,26,29,32,35-heptone

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: (1S,14R,18S,20S,23S,28S,31S,34R)-18-hydroxy-34-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-28-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-23,31-dimethyl-12-thia-10,16,22,25,27,30,33,36-octazapentacyclo[12.11.11.03,11.04,9.016,20]hexatriaconta-3(11),4,6,8-tetraene-15,21,24,26,29,32,35-heptone
• 化学式: C₃₅H₄₈N₈O₁₀S
• 分子量: 772.9
• InChiKey: VVAHMTWEOWYEHQ-KNFLFUGLSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -0.6
• 重原子数：
  54
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  5.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.57
• 拓扑面积：
  297
• 氢给体数：
  10
• 氢受体数：
  11

ADMET

代谢

aMAnita phalloides 提取物给药后，大鼠尿液中在第1天检测到PHALLOIN和GAMMA-AMANITIN，在第2天检测到PHALLOIDIN。

PHALLOIN AND GAMMA-AMANITIN WERE DETECTED WITHIN THE 1ST DAY AND PHALLOIDIN WITHIN THE 2ND DAY IN THE URINE OF RATS AFTER THE ADMINISTRATION OF AMANITA PHALLOIDES EXTRACTS.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

最严重的麦角胺中毒形式是由 Galerina 属物种、AMAnita verna、AMAnita virosa 和 AMAnita phalloides 产生的，这些物种在北美和欧洲都相当常见。这些物种占所有死亡病例的90%。主要毒素是 PHALLOIDINS，这是一组环状七肽，似乎能抑制蛋白质合成，以及 AMANITINS，它能抑制 RNA 聚合酶 II，从而干扰信使 RNA 的合成。这些毒素破坏了肝细胞膜和内质网的结构。/PHALLOIDINS/

THE MOST SERIOUS FORM OF MYCETISMUS IS PRODUCED BY GALERINA SPECIES, AMANITA VERNA, AMANITA VIROSA, AND AMANITA PHALLOIDES, WHICH ARE FAIRLY COMMON IN BOTH NORTH AMERICA AND EUROPE. THESE SPECIES ACCOUNT FOR 90% OF ALL FATAL CASES. THE PRINCIPAL TOXINS ARE THE PHALLOIDINS, A GROUP OF CYCLIC HEPTAPEPTIDES THAT APPEAR TO INHIBIT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, AND THE AMANITINS, WHICH INHIBIT RNA POLYMERASE II AND HENCE INTERFERE WITH THE SYNTHESIS OF MESSENGER RNA. THE TOXINS DISRUPT HEPATIC CELL MEMBRANES AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. /PHALLOIDINS/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

有时据说蘑菇中毒的初期胃肠炎是由鹅膏毒肽引起的.../鹅膏毒肽/。

THE PHALLOTOXINS ARE SOMETIMES SAID TO BE RESPONSIBLE FOR...INITIAL GASTROENTERITIS /OF MUSHROOM POISONING/... /PHALLOTOXINS/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

阴茎毒素（包括秋水仙素）具有一个共同的环状七肽骨架，并含有一些不寻常的氨基酸。至少在秋水仙素的情况下，它可能需要在肝脏通过化学变化获得其特征性的损伤该器官的能力，细胞毒性与其分子中的一个半胱氨酸和色氨酸之间的硫醚键有关。

THE PHALLOTOXINS (WHICH INCLUDE PHALLOIDIN) POSSESS A COMMON CYCLIC HEPTAPEPTIDE SKELETON WITH SOME UNUSUAL AMINO ACIDS. AT LEAST IN THE CASE OF PHALLOIDIN, WHICH MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE TO BE ALTERED CHEMICALLY BY THE LIVER BEFORE IT ACQUIRES ITS CHARACTERISTIC ABILITY TO INJURE THAT ORGAN, CYTOTOXICITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH A THIOETHER LINKAGE BETWEEN CYSTEINE AND TRYPTOPHAN IN THE TOXIN MOLECULE.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)