Tandem [4 + 2]/[3 + 2] Cycloadditions with Nitroethylene
摘要:
The simplest nitroalkene, nitroethylene, undergoes Lewis acid-promoted [4 + 2] cycloaddition with chiral vinyl ethers to afford cyclic nitronates with high diastereoselectivity. The resulting cyclic nitronates react with electron deficient alkenes to effect a face selective [3 + 2] cycloaddition. The origin of stereocontrol in the [3 + 2] cycloaddition is due to the single ring substituent, a remote acetal center. The scope and limitations of the use of nitroethylene as a 4 pi component in Lewis acid-promoted cycloadditions are documented and discussed. Additionally, concise syntheses of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids (+)-macronecine and (+)-petasinecine are presented.
Nitroalkene Inter [4 + 2]/Intra [3 + 2] Tandem Cycloadditions. 7. Application of (R)-(-)-2,2-Diphenylcyclopentanol as the Chiral Auxiliary
作者:Scott E. Denmark、Mark E. Schnute、Lawrence R. Marcin、Atli Thorarensen
DOI:10.1021/jo00115a042
日期:1995.5
Chiral enol ethers derived from (R)-(-)-2,2-diphenylcyclopentanol ((-)-3) have been found to provide high levels of asymmetric induction in tandem inter [4 + 2]/intra [3 + 2] nitroalkene cycloadditions. The chiral auxiliary (>97% ee) is readily prepared in three steps from diphenylacetonitrile employing an asymmetric oxazaborolidine-catalyzed borane reduction. Either enantiomeric series of tandem cycloaddition/hydrogenolysis product 7 is available from the chiral auxiliary of a single absolute configuration by judicious selection of the Lewis acid promoter, Ti(O-i-Pr)(2)Cl-2 (98% ee, (-)-7) or MAPh (93% ee, (+)-7). Propenyl ethers derived from (-)-3 undergo endo selective [4 + 2] cycloadditions (2.3/1 - 8.2/1) in the presence Ti(O-i-Pr)(2)Cl-2; however, exo selective [4 + 2] cycloadditions (10.2/1 - 54.8/1) are observed in the presence of MAPh.