Highly diastereoselective Michael addition of lithiated camphor imines of glycine esters to .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated esters. Synthesis of optically pure 5-oxo-2,4-pyrrolidinedicarboxylates of unnatural stereochemistry
摘要:
The lithium enolates of camphor imines of glycine esters underwent highly diastereoselective Michael additions to alpha,beta-unsaturated esters. The tightly chelated structure of the Z,E enolates and the selective approach of the alpha,beta-unsaturated esters to the re face of the enolates were responsible for the high diastereoselectivity observed. The use of alkylidenemalonate acceptors led to the diastereospecific formation of Michael adducts. Removal of the camphor auxiliary of the adducts and concomitant cyclization led to optically pure enantiomeric 5-oxo-2,4-pyrrolidinedicarboxylates of unnatural stereochemistry.
A novel five‐step synthesis of Boc‐3,3‐dimethylglutamic acid α‐ethyl ester 11 is reported. All the steps are high yielding and simple to carry out. By use of the 3,3‐dimethylglutamic acid building block, we successfully discovered a novel class of DPP‐IV inhibitors, Glu‐Pro‐Nitrile dipeptide mimics 2, with high potency (IC50 < 40 nM). The consequence of 3,3‐dimethyl substituent on the rate of intramolecular