The present invention describes catalysts for atom transfer radical polymerization processes. Specifically, a hybrid catalyst system comprising transition metal complexes held in close conjunction with a solid support and of a soluble ligand, or soluble transition metal complex or desorbed catalyst. The hybrid catalyst system may be used in a controlled polymerization process of radically (co)polymerizable monomers in the presence of a system comprising an initiator comprising one or more radically transferable atom(s) or group(s). The catalyst may include a transition metal, one or more counterions, a ligand attached to a solid support, and a soluble ligand. The hybrid catalyst may also be comprised of an attached transition metal complex, and a soluble transition metal complex. The ligand or the transition metal complex may be physico- or physicochemically or chemically bound to the surface of a solid support through ionic bonding, physisorption, chemisorption, Van der Waals forces, coordinate or covalent bonding. A process for the removal and recycle of a supported transition metal catalyst complex from a polymerization reaction medium is also described.
本发明描述了原子转移自由基聚合工艺的催化剂。具体地说,是一种混合催化剂体系,包括与固体载体紧密结合的过渡
金属络合物和可溶性
配体,或可溶性过渡
金属络合物或脱附催化剂。该杂化催化剂体系可用于可辐射(共)聚合单体的受控聚合过程,该聚合过程需有一个包含一个或多个可辐射转移原子或基团的
引发剂体系存在。催化剂可包括过渡
金属、一种或多种反离子、附着在固体载体上的
配体以及可溶性
配体。混合催化剂还可以由附着的过渡
金属络合物和可溶性过渡
金属络合物组成。
配体或过渡
金属络合物可通过离子键、物理吸附、
化学吸附、范德华力、配位键或共价键与固体载体表面进行物理或物理
化学结合。此外,还介绍了一种从聚合反应介质中去除和回收支撑过渡
金属催化剂复合物的工艺。