Modulation of piezochromic fluorescence behavior by subtle structural change
摘要:
Two piezochromic molecules, (2Z,4E)-2-(4-(Diphenylamino)phenyl)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienenitrile (1a) and (2Z,4E)-2-(4-(acridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienenitrile (1b), were synthesized by using Knoevenagel and Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reactions. Their piezochromic fluorescence behavior was tuned by subtle structural change. The system indicates typical intramolecular charge-transfer properties. The luminescence intensity of 1a decreased with increasing pressure with the redshift of the emission wavelength when the hydrostatic pressure in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) was applied on its crystal. However, the emission wavelength of 1b which has a methylene unit more than 1a had no obvious shift and the intensity increased gradually at the pressure range from 0.66 GPa to 5.72 GPa.
In this paper, a series of α-cyano-1,4-diphenylbutadiene derivatives containing triphenylamine structure were designed and synthesized. By changing the connection mode of the terminal diphenylamine, the angle between the donor and the acceptor was adjusted to further regulate the fluorescent wavelengths of 1a–1h from 456 nm to 621 nm in solution and 515 nm–614 nm in solid states.