Spontaneous formation of smectic and columnar structures was observed when spherical gold nanoparticles were functionalized with mesogenic thiols (see layered structure and X‐ray pattern of a sample in smectic phase). The particle ordering is stimulated by softening of the interparticle potential and flexibility for deformation of the grafting layer.
                                    当球形
金纳米颗粒被介晶
硫醇官能化时,观察到自发形成近晶和柱状结构(请参见层状结构和近晶相样品的X射线图)。通过软化粒子间的电势和使接枝层变形的柔韧性,可以促进粒子的有序性。