Polyhydroxyalkanoate having vinyl group, ester group, carboxyl group, and sulfonic group, and method of producing the same
申请人:Kenmoku Takashi
公开号:US20070073006A1
公开(公告)日:2007-03-29
To provide a novel polyhydroxyalkanoate having a reactive functional group in a molecule and a method of producing the same; and a novel polyhydroxyalkanoate having a new function obtained by chemically modifying the polyhydroxyalkanoate having a reactive functional group and a method of producing the same. By utilizing a vinyl group of a polyhydroxyalkanoate containing a unit having the vinyl group at a side chain thereof, a polyhydroxyalkanoate containing units having a carboxyl group, an amide group, and a sulfonic group in a molecule is induced.
Polyhydroxyalkanoic Acid Having Vinyl, Ester, Carboxyl or Sulfonic Acid Group and Producing Method Therefor
申请人:Kenmoku Takashi
公开号:US20080064828A1
公开(公告)日:2008-03-13
The invention is to provide a novel polyhydroxyalkanoate having a reactive function group within the molecule and a producing method therefor In a polyhydroxyalkanoate containing a unit having a vinyl group in a side chain, such vinyl group is utilized for deriving a polyhydroxyalkanoate comprising a carboxyl group or a unit having an amide group and a sulfonic acid group.
Charge control agent, toner, image forming method, and image forming apparatus
申请人:Yano Tetsuya
公开号:US20090202927A1
公开(公告)日:2009-08-13
To provide: a charge control agent having negative chargeability, which contributes to environmental conservation and the like to an increased degree, has high performance (high charge amount, quick rise-up of charge, excellent stability with time, and high environmental stability), and has improved dispersibility; a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image containing the charge control agent; and an image forming method and an image forming apparatus each using the toner for developing an electrostatic charge image. A charge control agent for controlling a charged state of powder, characterized by including one or more units each represented by the following chemical formula (1) in a molecule.
Insight into the Mechanism and Stereochemistry of the Transformations of Alkyltitanium Ate-Complexes. An Enhanced Enantioselectivity in the Cyclopropanation of the Carboxylic Esters with Titanacyclopropane Reagents
作者:Oleg G. Kulinkovich、Dzmitry G. Kananovich、Margus Lopp、Victor Snieckus
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201400480
日期:2014.11.24
AbstractThe dependence of the stereoselectivity of the cyclopropanation reaction of γ,γ‐diphenyl‐γ‐butyrolactone and carboxylic esters with alkylmagnesium bromides in the presence of titanium(IV) TADDOLates on the structure of the reactants has been examined in detail. It has been found that the enantioselectivity in the formation of cis‐1,2‐disubstituted cyclopropanols is a function of the structure of the carboxylic ester alkoxy group and leads, in the case of cyclopropanation of hexafluoroisopropyl alkanoates, to 84% ee. To rationalize these observations, as well as the NMR data on the structures of the TADDOL‐derived alkyltitanium species, a new mechanistic model for the formation of the five‐coordinated chiral titanacyclopropane reactive intermediates and their subsequent reorganization in the reactions with esters is proposed. The essential features of this model consist in the generation of configurationally stable TADDOL derived titanacyclopropane species with an apical or equatorial position of the stereogenic carbanion center which is followed by retention or inversion of absolute configuration in course of the displacement of the carboxylic ester alkoxy group.magnified image