Dual Targeting of Adenosine A2A Receptors and Monoamine Oxidase B by 4H-3,1-Benzothiazin-4-ones
摘要:
Blockade of A(2A) adenosine receptors (A(2A)ARs) and inhibition of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in the brain are considered attractive strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, benzothiazinones, e.g., 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)-N-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzothiazin-2-yl)acetamide (13), were identified as a novel class of potent MAO-B inhibitors (IC50 human MAO-B: 1.63 nM). Benzothiazinones with large substituents in the 2-position, e.g., methoxycinnamoylamino, phenylbutyrylamino, or chlorobenzylpiperazinylbenzamido residues (14, 17, 27, and 28), showed high affinity and selectivity for A(2A)ARs (K-i human A(2A)AR: 39.5-69.5 nM). By optimizing benzothiazinones for both targets, the first potent, dual-acting A(2A)AR/MAO-B inhibitors with a nonxanthine structure were developed. The best derivative was N-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzothiazin-2-yl)-4-phenylbutanamide (17, K-i human A(2A), 39.5 nM; IC50 human MAO-B, 34.9 nM; selective versus other AR subtypes and MAO-A), which inhibited A(2A)AR-induced cAMP accumulation and showed competitive, reversible MAO-B inhibition. The new compounds may be useful tools for validating the A(2A)AR/MAO-B dual target approach in PD.
Dual Targeting of Adenosine A2A Receptors and Monoamine Oxidase B by 4H-3,1-Benzothiazin-4-ones
摘要:
Blockade of A(2A) adenosine receptors (A(2A)ARs) and inhibition of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in the brain are considered attractive strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, benzothiazinones, e.g., 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)-N-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzothiazin-2-yl)acetamide (13), were identified as a novel class of potent MAO-B inhibitors (IC50 human MAO-B: 1.63 nM). Benzothiazinones with large substituents in the 2-position, e.g., methoxycinnamoylamino, phenylbutyrylamino, or chlorobenzylpiperazinylbenzamido residues (14, 17, 27, and 28), showed high affinity and selectivity for A(2A)ARs (K-i human A(2A)AR: 39.5-69.5 nM). By optimizing benzothiazinones for both targets, the first potent, dual-acting A(2A)AR/MAO-B inhibitors with a nonxanthine structure were developed. The best derivative was N-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzothiazin-2-yl)-4-phenylbutanamide (17, K-i human A(2A), 39.5 nM; IC50 human MAO-B, 34.9 nM; selective versus other AR subtypes and MAO-A), which inhibited A(2A)AR-induced cAMP accumulation and showed competitive, reversible MAO-B inhibition. The new compounds may be useful tools for validating the A(2A)AR/MAO-B dual target approach in PD.
Efficient Pd-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective Carboxylation of Allylic Alcohols with Formic Acid
作者:Ming-Chen Fu、Rui Shang、Wan-Min Cheng、Yao Fu
DOI:10.1002/chem.201701971
日期:2017.7.3
Formic acid is efficiently used as a C1 source to directly carboxylate allylicalcohols in the presence of a low loading of palladium catalyst and acetic anhydride as additive to afford β,γ‐unsaturated carboxylic acids with excellent chemo‐, regio‐, and stereoselectivity. The reaction proceeds through a carbonylation process with in situ‐generated carbon monoxide under mild conditions, avoiding the
We report herein a direct method to synthesize 4-aryl-3-butenoic acid through a carboxylic-acid-directed oxidative Heck reaction. The various 4-aryl-3-butenoic acids are easily prepared in moderate to good yields. In view of the promising bioactivity of 4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid previously reported, its derivatives reported here may be bioactive.
Stereoselective Ring-Opening of <i>gem</i>
-Difluorocyclopropanes: An Entry to Stereo-defined (<i>E</i>
,<i>E</i>
)- and (<i>E</i>
,<i>Z</i>
)-Conjugated Fluorodienes
The ring‐opening of gem‐difluorocyclopropyl acetaldehydes producing selectively (E,E)‐ and (E,Z)‐conjugated fluorodienals is described. Two stereo‐divergent methods are presented to access both stereoisomers from a common precursor, in high yield and selectivity. The mechanistic aspect of these transformations is discussed.
Tertiary Amides as Directing Groups for Enantioselective C−H Amination using Ion‐Paired Rhodium Complexes
作者:Kieran J. Paterson、Amit Dahiya、Benjamin D. Williams、Robert J. Phipps
DOI:10.1002/anie.202317489
日期:2024.4.2
Direct amination of benzylic C−H bonds generates important stereocenters. Our approach, in which the chirality of a bimetallic rhodium complex is located on its associated cations, achieves this on tertiary amide-containing substrates to give amination of arylbutyric and arylvaleric acid-derived amides. We believe that the amide most likely interacts directly with the chiral cation to provide a highly