Palladium‐Catalyzed
<i>para</i>
‐Selective Alkylation of Electron‐Deficient Arenes
作者:Zhiwei Jiao、Li Hui Lim、Hajime Hirao、Jianrong Steve Zhou
DOI:10.1002/anie.201801967
日期:2018.5.22
Intermolecular alkylations of electron‐deficient arenes proceed with good para selectivity. Palladium catalysts were used to generate nucleophilic alkyl radicals from alkyl halides, which then directly add onto the arenes. The arene scope and the site of alkylation are opposite to those of classical Friedel–Crafts alkylations, which prefer electron‐rich systems.
The photoreaction of dicyanobenzenes with aliphatic carboxylate ions afforded alkylcyanobenzenes and alkyldicyanobenzenes via decarboxylative Substitution. The redox-photosensitized reaction system was effective in improving the product yield. The efficiency of this photoreaction depended on the structure of the carboxylate ion, and the product distribution varied with the dicyanobenzenes employed. This photoreaction was proved to be a clean process for the preparation of alkylcyanobenzenes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Para-Selective Oxidative Cross-Coupling of Arenes and Cycloalkanes
作者:Xiangyu Guo、Chao-Jun Li
DOI:10.1021/ol202081c
日期:2011.10.7
A novel, direct para-selective oxidativecross-coupling of benzene derivatives with cycloalkanes catalyzed by ruthenium was developed. A wide range of arenes bearing electron-withdrawing substituents was functionalized directly with simple cycloalkanes with high para-selectivity; arenes with electron-donating groups were mainly para-functionalized. Benzoic acid can be used directly.