Activation of HIV-1 replication causes oxidative stress, which in turn potentiates HIV-1 replication. The common basis for the compounds of the present invention is: A) the capacity of reactivating HIV-1 from latency, and B) the ability to counteract the cellular machinery which activates in order to limit the effects of oxidative stress. In this way, oxidative stress can be potentiated and a “chain reaction” is sparked. This “chain reaction” induces a more efficient reactivation of HIV-1 from latency and, in some cases, induces selective killing of the infected cells. Actions A) and B) can either be carried out by one drug exerting both effects, or obtained by the combined use of distinct drugs. There are two main cellular machineries counteracting oxidative stress, i.e. the thioredoxin (Trx) thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) system and glutathione. Herein, we present drug strategies capable of exerting action B) by blocking either of the two machineries.
                            HIV-1的激活会导致氧化应激,从而增强HIV-1的复制。本发明的化合物具有以下共同基础:A)从潜伏状态中重新激活HIV-1的能力,以及B)抵消细胞机制的能力,这些机制会激活以限制氧化应激的影响。通过这种方式,氧化应激可以被增强,从而引发“连锁反应”。这种“连锁反应”诱导更有效地从潜伏状态中重新激活HIV-1,并在某些情况下诱导选择性杀死感染的细胞。A)和B)的作用可以由一个药物发挥两种效应来实现,也可以通过使用不同药物的联合使用来实现。有两种主要的细胞机制可以对抗氧化应激,即
硫氧还蛋白(Trx)
硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TrxR)系统和
谷胱甘肽。在这里,我们提出了能够通过阻断这两种机制之一来发挥B)作用的药物策略。