Highly stereoselective Pictet–Spengler reaction of d-tryptophan methyl ester with piperonal: convenient syntheses of Cialis (Tadalafil), 12a-epi-Cialis, and their deuterated analogues
摘要:
The acid-catalyzed Pictet-Spengler reaction Of D-tryptophan methyl ester with piperonal in acetic acid has been reported, the best stereo selectivity (cis/trans = 92:8) was obtained with benzoic acid as the catalyst. The Pictet-Spengler reaction Of D-tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride with piperonal in various solvents has been extensively studied, the solvent-dependence of stereoselectivities could be principally attributed to the solubility-difference between cis and trans products 5-HCl in the used solvent, the best stereoselectivity (cis/trans = 99: 1) was obtained using nitromethane or acetonitrile as the solvent. A base-catalyzed epimerization at 12a-position of Cialis 1 (tadalafil) in a DMSO-containing solvent was also exploited. Cialis, 12a-epi-Cialis 2, deuterium-labeled 3,3,12a-d(3)-Cialis 3, and 3,3,12a-d(3)-12a-epi-Cialis 4 were efficiently synthesized from D-tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.