First Synthesis of <i>N</i>-(3-Carboxylpropyl)-5-amino-2-hydroxy-3- tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone, an Unusual Quinone Isolated from <i>Embelia </i><i>ribes</i>
作者:Christopher S. P. McErlean、Christopher J. Moody
DOI:10.1021/jo702101w
日期:2007.12.1
The first synthesis of the unusual nitrogen-containing 3-alkyl-1,4-benzoquinone, N-(3-carboxylpropyl)-5-amino-2-hydroxy-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone, isolated from Embelia ribes, is reported. The key steps are a microwave-assisted combined Mitsunobu reaction−Claisen rearrangement to introduce the alkyl side chain into 2,5-dimethoxyphenol, followed by alkene reduction, oxidation to the quinone, and sequential
The invention provides a compound of formula (I): [insert formula (I)] wherein X, Y, and R
1
-R
4
have any of the values defined in the specification, and salts thereof, as well as compositions comprising the compounds or salts. The compounds are useful for treating diseases associated with impaired mitochondrial function in an animal.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of <i>N</i>-(3-Carboxylpropyl)-5-amino-2-hydroxy-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone and Analogues
作者:Manikandadas M. Madathil、Omar M. Khdour、Jennifer Jaruvangsanti、Sidney M. Hecht
DOI:10.1021/np3007099
日期:2012.12.28
The synthesis of benzoquinone natural product 2 and three analogues is described. The synthesized compounds were tested for their ability to protect Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) lymphocytes from induced oxidative stress. One of the analogues (3) conferred cytoprotection in a dose-dependent manner in FRDA lymphocytes at micromolar concentrations. The biological assays suggest that the modification of the 2-hydroxy and N-(3-carboxypropyl) groups in the natural product can improve its antioxidant activity and significantly enhance its ability to protect mitochondrial function under conditions of oxidative stress.