Synthesis of Polyhalogenated 4,4′-Bipyridines via a Simple Dimerization Procedure
摘要:
Polyhalogenated 4,4'-bipyridines were conveniently synthesized in a single step starting from dihalo-pyridines. A mechanism was proposed on the basis of experiments performed with 2-chloro-5-bromopyridine I a. 2-Chloro-4-lithio-5-bromopyridine A1 was produced via ortholithiation of la by using either LDA or t-BuLi bases. When LDA was used, chiller 3a containing two chlorines and two bromine atoms was formed predominantly accompanied by several byproducts whose structure and mechanism of formation are discussed. In the case of t-BuLi, although the major product was 2-chloropyridine 7, a new pyridone product 8 was formed that is probably the result of the dihydropyridine intermediate hydrolysis. The dimerization procedure involving LDA was employed to prepare a large number of halogenated 4,4'-bipyridines in moderate to good yields. In some specific cases, halogenated 3,4' and 2,4'-bipyridines were obtained in lower yields and their structures were unambiguously assigned by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Synthesis of Polyhalogenated 4,4′-Bipyridines via a Simple Dimerization Procedure
作者:Mohamed Abboud、Victor Mamane、Emmanuel Aubert、Claude Lecomte、Yves Fort
DOI:10.1021/jo100152e
日期:2010.5.21
Polyhalogenated 4,4'-bipyridines were conveniently synthesized in a single step starting from dihalo-pyridines. A mechanism was proposed on the basis of experiments performed with 2-chloro-5-bromopyridine I a. 2-Chloro-4-lithio-5-bromopyridine A1 was produced via ortholithiation of la by using either LDA or t-BuLi bases. When LDA was used, chiller 3a containing two chlorines and two bromine atoms was formed predominantly accompanied by several byproducts whose structure and mechanism of formation are discussed. In the case of t-BuLi, although the major product was 2-chloropyridine 7, a new pyridone product 8 was formed that is probably the result of the dihydropyridine intermediate hydrolysis. The dimerization procedure involving LDA was employed to prepare a large number of halogenated 4,4'-bipyridines in moderate to good yields. In some specific cases, halogenated 3,4' and 2,4'-bipyridines were obtained in lower yields and their structures were unambiguously assigned by X-ray diffraction analysis.