Chemically Modified Derivatives of the Activator Compound Cloxyquin Exert Inhibitory Effect on TRESK (K<sub>2P</sub>18.1) Background Potassium Channel
作者:Miklós Lengyel、Ferenc Erdélyi、Enikő Pergel、Ágnes Bálint-Polonka、Alice Dobolyi、Péter Bozsaki、Mária Dux、Kornél Király、Tamás Hegedűs、Gábor Czirják、Péter Mátyus、Péter Enyedi
DOI:10.1124/mol.118.115626
日期:2019.6
Cloxyquin has been reported as a specific activator of TRESK [TWIK-related spinal cord K+ channel (also known as K2P18.1)] background potassium channel. In this study, we have synthetized chemically modified analogs of cloxyquin and tested their effects on TRESK and other K2P channels. The currents of murine K2P channels, expressed heterologously in Xenopus oocytes, were measured by two-electrode voltage clamp, whereas the native background K+ conductance of mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons was examined by the whole-cell patch-clamp method. Some of the analogs retained the activator character of the parent compound, but, more interestingly, other derivatives inhibited mouse TRESK current. The inhibitor analogs (A2764 and A2793) exerted state-dependent effects. The degree of inhibition by 100 µ M A2764 (77.8% ± 3.5%, n = 6) was larger in the activated state of TRESK (i.e., after calcineurin-dependent stimulation) than in the resting state of the channel (42.8% ± 11.5% inhibition, n = 7). The selectivity of the inhibitor compounds was tested on several K2P channels. A2793 inhibited TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ channel (TASK)-1 (100 µ M, 53.4% ± 13, 5%, n = 5), while A2764 was more selective for TRESK, it only moderately influenced TREK-1 and TWIK-related alkaline pH-activated K+ channel. The effect of A2764 was also examined on the background K+ currents of DRG neurons. A subpopulation of DRG neurons, prepared from wild-type animals, expressed background K+ currents sensitive to A2764, whereas the inhibitor did not affect the currents in the DRG neurons of TRESK-deficient mice. Accordingly, A2764 may prove to be useful for the identification of TRESK current in native cells, and for the investigation of the role of the channel in nociception and migraine. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT TRESK background potassium channel is a potential pharmacological target in migraine and neuropathic pain. In this study, we have identified a selective inhibitor of TRESK, A2764. This compound can inhibit TRESK in native cells, leading to cell depolarization and increased excitability. This new inhibitor may be of use to probe the role of TRESK channel in migraine and nociception.
有报道称,Cloxyquin是一种特异性激活TRESK[TWIK相关脊髓K+通道(也称为K2P18.1)]背景钾通道的物质。在本研究中,我们合成了Cloxyquin的化学修饰类似物,并检测了它们对TRESK和其他K2P通道的影响。通过双电极电压钳技术在爪蟾卵母细胞中异源表达的小鼠K2P通道电流;而通过全细胞膜片钳技术检测小鼠背根神经节(DRG)神经元的内源性背景K+电导。部分类似物保持了母体化合物的激活特性,但更有趣的是,其他衍生物抑制了小鼠TRESK电流。抑制剂类似物(A2764和A2793)发挥了状态依赖性效应。100 µ M A2764对TRESK的抑制程度(77.8% ± 3.5%,n = 6)在TRESK激活状态(即环孢菌素依赖性刺激后)大于通道静息状态(42.8% ± 11.5%抑制,n = 7)。对几种K2P通道进行了抑制剂化合物的选择性测试。A2793抑制了TWIK相关酸敏感K+通道(TASK)-1(100 µ M,53.4% ± 13.5%,n = 5),而A2764对TRESK更具选择性,仅适度影响TREK-1和TWIK相关碱性pH激活K+通道。还检测了A2764对DRG神经元背景K+电流的影响。从野生型动物中准备的一组DRG神经元对A2764敏感的背景K+电流,而抑制剂不影响TRESK缺陷小鼠的DRG神经元的电流。因此,A2764可能有助于在原代细胞中识别TRESK电流,并研究该通道在痛觉和偏头痛中的作用。**重要声明** TRESK背景钾通道是偏头痛和神经性疼痛的潜在药物靶点。在本研究中,我们鉴定了一种对TRESK具有选择性的抑制剂A2764。该化合物可以抑制原代细胞中的TRESK,导致细胞去极化和兴奋性增加。这种新型抑制剂可能有助于探究TRESK通道在偏头痛和痛觉中的作用。