Pharmacological Characterization of 2NTX-99 [4-Methoxy-<i>N</i><sup>1</sup>-(4-<i>trans</i>-nitrooxycyclohexyl)-<i>N</i><sup>3</sup>-(3-pyridinylmethyl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide], a Potential Antiatherothrombotic Agent with Antithromboxane and Nitric Oxide Donor Activity in Platelet and Vascular Preparations
作者:Carola Buccellati、Angelo Sala、Giuseppe Rossoni、Valérie Capra、G. Enrico Rovati、Antonio Di Gennaro、Giancarlo Folco、Susanna Colli、Cesare Casagrande
DOI:10.1124/jpet.105.097170
日期:2006.5
Thromboxane (TX) A2, prostacyclin (PGI2), and nitric oxide (NO) regulate platelet function and interaction with the vessel wall. Inhibition of TXA2, implemented synthesis of PGI2, and supply of exogenous NO may afford therapeutic benefit. 2NTX-99 [4-methoxy- N 1-(4- trans -nitrooxycyclohexyl)- N 3-(3-pyridinylmethyl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide], a new chemical entity related to picotamide, showed antithromboxane activity and NO donor properties. 2NTX-99 relaxed rabbit aortic rings precontracted with norepinephrine or U46619 (9,11-dideoxy-9α,11α-methanoepoxy-prosta-5 Z ,13 E -dien-1-oic acid; EC50, 7.9 and 17.1 μM, respectively), an effect abolished by 10 μM 1 H -(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3- a )quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ). 2NTX-99 inhibited arachidonic acid (AA)-induced washed platelet aggregation (EC50, 9.8 μM) and TXB2 formation (-71% at 10 μM), and its potency increased in the presence of aortic rings (EC50, 1.4 μM). In whole rabbit aorta incubated with homologous platelets, AA caused contraction and TXA2 formation, reduced by 2NTX-99 (10-40 μM): contraction, -28 and -47%, TXA2 formation, -37 and -75.4%, respectively, with concomitant increase in PGI2. 2NTX-99 (20-40 μM) inhibited U46619-induced aggregation in rabbit platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (-74 ± 6.7 and -96 ± 2.4%, respectively) and inhibited collagen-induced aggregation in human PRP (-48.2 ± 10 and -79.2 ± 6%), whereas ozagrel was ineffective. In human embryonic kidney 293 cells transfected with the TXA2 receptor isophorm α receptor, 2NTX-99 did not compete with the ligand, [3H]SQ29,548 ([3H][1 S -[1α,2β(5 Z ),3β,4α]]-7-[3-[[2-(phenylamino)-carbonyl]hydrazino]methyl]-7-oxabicyclo[2,2,1]-hept-2-yl]-5-heptanoic acid), or prevent inositol phosphate accumulation. After oral administration (50-250 mg/kg), 2NTX-99 inhibited TXA2 production in rat clotting blood (-71 and -91%); at 250 mg/kg, an area under the curve, 0 to 16 h, of 149.5 h/μg/ml and a t 1/2 of 6 h were calculated, with a C max value of 31.8 ± 8.2 μg/ml. An excellent correlation between plasma concentrations and TXA2 inhibition occurs. 2NTX-99 controls platelet function and vessel wall interaction by multifactorial mechanisms and possesses therapeutic potential.
血栓素(TX)A2、前列环素(PGI2)和一氧化氮(NO)调节血小板的功能以及与血管壁的相互作用。抑制血栓素 A2、实现 PGI2 的合成和提供外源性 NO 可能会带来治疗效果。2NTX-99 [4-methoxy- N 1-(4- trans-nitrooxycyclohexyl)- N 3-(3-pyridinylmethyl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide] 是一种与皮酰胺相关的新化学实体,具有抗血栓素活性和 NO 供体特性。2NTX-99 能使去甲肾上腺素或 U46619(9,11-二脱氧-9α,11α-甲基环氧-脯甾-5 Z,13 E -二烯-1-酸;EC50 分别为 7.9 和 17.1 μM)预收缩的兔主动脉环松弛,10 μM 1 H -(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3- a )quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ)能消除这种效应。2NTX-99 可抑制花生四烯酸(AA)诱导的水洗血小板聚集(EC50,9.8 μM)和 TXB2 的形成(10 μM 时-71%),在有主动脉环存在的情况下,其效力增强(EC50,1.4 μM)。在与同源血小板孵育的整个兔主动脉中,AA 会导致收缩和 TXA2 的形成,2NTX-99(10-40 μM)会减少收缩和 TXA2 的形成:收缩分别为-28%和-47%,TXA2 的形成分别为-37%和-75.4%,同时 PGI2 也会增加。2NTX-99 (20-40 μM)可抑制 U46619 诱导的兔富血小板血浆(PRP)聚集(分别为 -74 ± 6.7% 和 -96 ± 2.4%),并可抑制胶原诱导的人富血小板血浆聚集(分别为 -48.2 ± 10% 和 -79.2 ± 6%),而奥扎格雷则无效。在转染了 TXA2 受体异构体 α 受体的人胚肾 293 细胞中,2NTX-99 与配体 [3H]SQ29,548 ([3H][1 S -[1α、2β(5 Z),3β,4α]]-7-[3-[[2-(苯基氨基)-羰基]肼基]甲基]-7-氧杂二环[2,2,1]-庚-2-基]-5-庚酸]竞争,或阻止磷酸肌醇的积累。口服(50-250 毫克/千克)后,2NTX-99 可抑制大鼠凝血中 TXA2 的产生(-71% 和 -91%);250 毫克/千克时,0 至 16 小时的曲线下面积为 149.5 小时/微克/毫升,t 1/2 为 6 小时,最大 C 值为 31.8 ± 8.2 微克/毫升。血浆浓度与 TXA2 抑制之间存在极好的相关性。2NTX-99 通过多因素机制控制血小板功能和血管壁相互作用,具有治疗潜力。